从釉的配方角度论故宫博物院藏传世宋代官窑瓷器中“高钾低钙”类瓷器的烧制年代  

On the Ages of the Palace Museum's Song‘High-Potassium-Low-Calcium’Guan Porcelains'by Glaze Formula

作　　者：李合[1] 唐俊杰[2] 王光尧[3] Li He;Tang Junjie;Wang Guangyao

机构地区：[1]故宫博物院文保科技部 [2]杭州市文物考古研究所 [3]故宫博物院器物部

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2021年第12期113-120,139,共9页Palace Museum Journal

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1520202);国家自然科学青年基金(项目编号:51402054、51702054)资助。

摘　　要：为了科学探讨故宫博物院院藏“高钾低钙”类传世宋代官窑器物的烧制年代,本文采用能量色散X射线荧光谱仪(EDXRF)对院藏传世宋代官窑器物和杭州老虎洞窑南宋及元代地层出土的青瓷标本的釉层成分进行了无损测试。结果表明:故宫博物院院藏“高钾低钙”类传世宋代官窑瓷器与老虎洞元代地层出土青瓷标本的釉料成分更为接近,而与老虎洞窑南宋地层出土官窑青瓷标本相差甚远。根据瓷釉成分的判别分析结果以及从瓷釉技术发展史角度考察,本文推测这些“高钾低钙”类一直被认为是传世宋代官窑瓷器的烧制年代可能为元代早期,属于南宋官窑瓷器向元末烧制的典型传世哥窑瓷器转变过程中的过渡产品。The Non-destructive EDXRF glaze contrast between the Song handed-down Guan porcelain wares of the Palace Museum and the celadon shards respectively unearthed in the Southern-Song and the Yuan stratum at Hangzhou Laohudong kiln sites is followed by:As far as the elements in glaze is concerned,the Palace Museums Song wares are much close to those in the Yuan stratum but far from those in the Southern-Song stratum.Therefore,there is possibility that these‘high-potassium-but-low-calcium’Guan wares of the Palace Museum be fired in the early Yuan dynasty as the products transiting from the Southern-Song Guan ware toward the typical Ge ware of the late Yuan dynasty.

关 键 词：传世宋代官窑 老虎洞窑 釉层成分 烧制年代 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K244[历史地理—历史学]