老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者的心理调查与分析  

Psychological Investigation and Analysis of Patients with Senile Pruritus

作　　者：龙雄初[1] 龙枚飞[1] 刘小虎 王敏妨 周晓青[4] 孙晓娟[1] 张玉平[5] 张立民[5] 贾志霞 LONG Xiongchu;LONG Meifei;LIU Xiaohu;WANG Minfang;ZHOU Xiaoqing;SUN Xiaojuan;ZHANG Yuping;ZHANG Limin;JIA Zhixia(Emergency Department of the 81st Army Hospital of the PLA, Hebei 075000;Department of Pharmacy, Zhangjiakou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei 075000;Department of Geriatrics, Zhangjiakou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hebei 075000;Department of Geriatrics, Wentang Workers Sanatorium of Hebei Federation of Trade Unions, Hebei 050400;Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical College, Hebei North University, Hebei 075000;Internal Medicine of Laoyazhuang Town Hospital, Zhangjiakou Economic Development Zone, Hebei 075000, China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军陆军第八十一集团军医院急诊科,075000 [2]张家口市中医院药剂科,075000 [3]张家口市中医院老年病科,075000 [4]河北省总工会温塘工人疗养院老年病科,075000 [5]河北北方学院基础医学院病理生理教研室,075000 [6]张家口市经济开发区老鸦庄镇卫生院内科,075000

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2021年第6期86-88,共3页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

摘　　要：目的探讨老年性皮肤瘙痒症(Senile pruritus,SP)患者的心理状况,分析皮肤瘙痒对心理的影响。方法采用横断面调查、分层抽样法,在医院随机选取所符合调查条件的98例老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者为瘙痒组,选取同期在体检中心参加体检的98例老年人为对照组,采用老年抑郁量表(CDS-30)、老年焦虑量表(GAI-20)为评定工具,进行问卷调查,比较两组患者焦虑症状和抑郁症状的情况,并分析老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者的病程对心理的影响。结果①瘙痒组焦虑症状、抑郁症状的患病率分别为43.88%(43/98)、48.98%(48/98),对照组焦虑症状、抑郁症状的患病率分别为8.16%(8/98)、15.31%(15/98),两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=32.46,χ^(2)=25.47,均P<0.001)。②在43例有焦虑症状的老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者中,病程<1年的患者占25.58%(11/43),病程≥1年的患者占72.42%(32/43);在48例有抑郁症状的老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者中,病程<1年的患者占27.08%(13/48),病程≥1年的患者占72.92%(35/48);不同病程老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者在焦虑症状、抑郁症状的比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=20.51,χ^(2)=20.16,均P<0.001)。结论老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者存在不同程度的焦虑症状、抑郁症状,病程越长越增加老年性皮肤瘙痒症发生焦虑、抑郁的危险性。对老年性皮肤瘙痒症患者应尽快改善瘙痒症状,及时进行心理干预,提高患者的生活质量。Objective In order to investigate the psychological status of patients with senile pruritus(SP),and to analyze the effects of skin pruritus on the psychological status.Methods Using a cross-sectional survey and stratified sampling method,98 SP patients in the hospital that meet the survey conditions were randomly selected as the pruritus group,and 98 elderly patients who participated in the physical examination at the physical examination center during the same period were selected as the control group.Using the Geriatric Depression Scale(CDS-30)and Geriatric Anxiety Scale(GAI-20)as assessment tools,a questionnaire survey was conducted to compare the anxiety symptoms and depression of the two groups.The prevalence of symptoms and the impact of the course of SP patients on the psychological status were analyzed.Results①The total prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the pruritus group was 43.88%(43/98)and 48.98%(48/98),respectively.The prevalence of anxiety and depressive symptoms in the control group was 8.16%(8/98)and 15.31%(15/98),the differences between the two groups were statistically significant(χ=32.46,χ=25.47,all P<0.001).②Among the 43 SP patients with anxiety symptoms,25.58%(11/43)of patients with a course of less than one year,and 72.42%(32/43)of patients with a course of more than one year;Among the 48 SP patients with depressive symptoms,those with a course of less than 1 year accounted for 27.08%(13/48),and those with a course of more than one year accounted for 72.92%(35/48);There were statistically significant differences in the anxiety and depression symptoms of SP patients with different courses(χ=20.51,χ=20.16,all P<0.001).Conclusion SP patients have different degrees of anxiety and depression symptoms.and the longer the course of disease,the more the risk of anxiety and depression in SP.For SP patients,the symptoms of itching should be improved as soon as possible,and psychological intervention should be carried out in time to improve the quality of life of the patients.

关 键 词：瘙痒症 老年 焦虑 抑郁 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]