“单位制”背景下三线厂矿规划布局解析——以一〇二机修厂为例  

Analysis of the Planning and Layout of the Three-line Factories and Mines under the Background of“Unit System”--A Case Study of 102 Machine Repair Plant

作　　者：李登殿 刘则栋 谭刚毅[1] LI Dengdain;LIU Zedong;TAN Gangyi(School of Architecture and Urban planning,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《西南科技大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2021年第6期32-40,共9页Journal of Southwest University of Science and Technology:Philosophy and Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“我国中部地区三线建设的建成环境及其意义的表达与遗产价值研究”,项目编号:51778252;教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“多维视角下三线建设规划建设史研究:以鄂西地区为例”,项目编号:20YJCZH192。

摘　　要：在备战备荒的三线建设时期,在西南和西北地区的深山荒野中,建设了数以万计的工矿企业,这些企业的规划布局呈现出一种介于城市与乡村"非城非乡"的规划布局模式。本文以湖北省枣阳市的一〇二机修厂为例,结合实地调研与文献资料梳理一〇二机修厂的规划布局,运用建筑学方法展开其选址及布局、功能组团和规划布局成因的研究,对一〇二机修厂靠近交通主干道、远离城镇、占用荒地、不占良田的选址特点;生产与生活区,两岗分立、有机联系的布局原则;生产、居住、医疗、教育,样样齐全的组团内容。探讨在特定环境下三线厂矿规划模式成因及其历史价值。During the period of the Third-line Construction,under the background of preparing for war and famine,tens of thousands of factories and mines moved to the mountains or wilderness,built a large number of production and living facilities,and formed a kind of"non urban and non rural"planning layout mode between urban and rural areas,which had a far-reaching impact on the production and life of the residents where the factories and mines are located.This paper takes the 102 machine repair plant in Zaoyang City of Hu-bei Province as an example,combined with field research and literature data to carry out the research of the third line plant and mine.In terms of site selection:close to the main traffic road,far away from the town,occupying wasteland,not good farmland;In terms of layout:production and living areas,the two posts are separated and organically linked;In terms of group:production,living,medical treatment,education,everything is complete.This paper discusses the causes of the third line factory and mine planning mode in the specific en-vironment from the aspects of site selection,layout and cluster of 102 machine repair plant.

关 键 词：单位制 三线建设 规划布局 

分 类 号：TU984.2[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]