气动潜孔锤钎头破岩分析及工艺参数优选  

Rock Breaking Analysis and Process Parameter Optimization of Pneumatic DTH Hammer Bit

作　　者：王圣林 魏秦文 刘成俊[1] 邓银江 张士明 肖鑫源 Wang Shenglin;Wei Qinwen;Liu Chengjun;Deng Yinjiang;Zhang Shiming;Xiao Xinyuan(School of Mechanical and Power Engineering,Chongqing University of Science and Technology;Orient Energy&Technology Co.,Ltd.;School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,North China Institute of Aerospace Engineering)

机构地区：[1]重庆科技学院机械与动力工程学院 [2]奥瑞拓能源科技股份有限公司 [3]北华航天工业学院机电工程学院

出　　处：《石油机械》2022年第1期19-26,共8页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：重庆市自然科学基金项目“气体钻井钻具传动主轴动力学建模与安全控制研究”(cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0412)。

摘　　要：为提高硬质地层气动潜孔锤的破岩效率和进尺能力,基于非线性接触动力学理论,运用ABAQUS软件建立了活塞-气动潜孔锤钎头-岩石(花岗岩)仿真模型,采用无反射边界条件,分析了冲击速度和回转速度对钎头冲击反力、侵入深度和破岩比功的影响,进而对工艺参数进行优选。分析结果表明:冲击反力峰值与冲击速度近似呈线性增加,回转速度对钎头冲击反力和钻头侵入岩石深度影响较小;钎头在冲击破岩过程中存在多次反弹,活塞第二次撞击钎头后,钎头侵入岩石深度达到最大;相同条件下,冲击回转钻进破岩速度比仅在钻压作用下回转剪切钻进速度提高3~5倍;破岩比功受冲击速度和回转速度影响较大,随着冲击速度的增加,破岩比功存在一个最优值,当钻压为25 kN时,最优工艺参数组合为冲击速度8 m/s,回转速度20 r/min。研究结果可为现场工程施工提供参考。In order to improve the rock-breaking efficiency and penetration ability of pneumatic DTH hammer in hard strata,based on the theory of nonlinear contact dynamics,the ABAQUS software was used to build a piston-pneumatic DTH hammer bit-rock(granite)simulation model;then,the non-reflective boundary condition was used to analyze the effects of impact velocity and rotating speed on the impact reaction force,invasion depth and specific work of rock-breaking of the drill bit,and finally,the process parameters were optimized.The analysis results show that the peak value of the impact reaction force increases linearly with the impact velocity,and the rotating speed has little effect on the impact reaction force of the bit and the depth of the bit invading the rock;the bit rebounds many times during the percussive breaking rock process,and after the piston hits the bit for the second time,the invasion depth of the bit reaches the maximum;under the same conditions,the rock-breaking speed of percussive rotary drilling is 3~5 times higher than that of rotary shearing drilling only under the action of weight on the bit;the specific work of rock-breaking is greatly affected by impact velocity and rotating speed,and as the impact velocity increases,the specific work of rock-breaking has an optimal value;and the optimal combination of process parameters is impact velocity of 8 m/s,rotating speed of 20 r/min.The research results could provide reference for drilling engineering.

关 键 词：气动潜孔锤钎头 冲击速度 回转速度 工艺参数优选 有限元法 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]