20份深纹核桃种质资源的开花物候观察  

Observation on Flowering Phenology of 20 Juglans sigillata Germplasm Resources

作　　者：谢蕾 马婷 吴涛 肖良俊 宁德鲁 李贤忠[1] XIE Lei;MA Ting;WU Tao;XIAO Liang-jun;NING De-lu;LI Xian-zhong(Southwest Forestry University,Kunming Yunnan 650224,P.R.China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming Yunnan 650201,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省林业和草原科学院,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西部林业科学》2021年第6期61-67,共7页Journal of West China Forestry Science

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(2018ZG001)。

摘　　要：为掌握深纹核桃资源在昆明的开花物候特征,筛选出其适宜的授粉组合,通过对昆明树木园核桃种质资源圃中收集的来自云南省9个州(市)14个县的20份深纹核桃资源开花物候进行观测。结果显示:供试的20份深纹核桃资源雌花单花开放持续18~29 d,‘JC-17’子房最先显露,‘QJ-11’柱头最晚枯萎,3月下旬至4月上旬雌花进入盛花期;雄花单花开放天数持续19~29 d,‘HP-07’雄花单花开放持续时间最长,3月中旬至4月下旬为雄花盛花期;20份深纹核桃资源的雌花可授期持续7~14 d,多集中在8 d左右,雄花散粉期维持5~10 d,以9 d居多;根据雌雄花开放的先后顺序确定‘HP-07’‘LX-09’和‘YB-18’3份资源为雌雄同熟型其余均为雄先型。综合考虑20份深纹核桃资源雌花和雄花的花期相遇程度,得出‘YS-03’‘YS-05’‘YS-06’‘DQ-15’的雄花散粉期与‘LP-10’‘ZX-14’‘JC-17’和‘LP-20’的雌花可授期完全相遇,为最适宜的配置方案。In order to master the flowering phenological characteristics of Juglans sigillata resources in kunming,and select suitable pollination combinations,the flowering phenology of 20 J.sigillata collected from 14 counties of 9 states(cities)in Yunnan Province in the Walnut Germplasm Resources Nursery of Kunming Arboretum was observed.The results showed that the single flower of female flowers of 20 J.sigillata resources lasted for 18-29 days,the ovary of‘JC-17’first appeared,the stigma of‘QJ-11’withered at the latest,and the female flowers entered full bloom from late March to early April.The flowering days of male flowers last for 19-29 days,and the flowering period of male flowers of‘HP-07’is the longest,from mid-March to late April.The fertile days of female flowers of 20 J.sigillata are 7-14 days,most of which are about 8 days,while the days of male flowers are 5-10 days,and most of the resources are about 9 days.According to the opening sequence of male and female flowers,‘HP-07’‘LX-09’,and‘YB-18’were identified as hermaphroditic type,and the rest were protandrous type.Considering the meeting degree of female and male flowers at flowering stage of 20 J.sigillata resources,the conclusion was made that the male flowers of‘YS-03’,‘YS-05’,‘YS-06’,and‘DQ-15’could completely meet the female flowers of‘LP-10’,‘ZX-14’,‘JC-17’and‘LP-20’in the pollinating period,which was the most appropriate configuration scheme.

关 键 词：深纹核桃 开花物候 雄花散粉期 雌花可授期 授粉组合 

分 类 号：S664.1[农业科学—果树学]