论华语词汇运用中的“舍小取大”现象  

Phenomenon of"Abandoning SmallWord and Taking BigWord"

作　　者：刁晏斌[1] DIAO Yan-bin(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]北京师范大学文学院,北京100875

出　　处：《通化师范学院学报》2022年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of Tonghua Normal University

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“百年汉语发展演变数据平台建设与研究”(13&ZD133)。

摘　　要：所谓“舍小取大”,指的是在具体的词汇运用中,用语义内涵及使用范围等较大的词代替表义具体、使用范围相对较小的词,这是华语词汇及其使用中极具特色的一种现象。该文首先以一篇文章及一部工具书中所列的一些词为线索,展开相关调查;然后以“美”“美丽”为例,对其作为大词在具体使用中跟一些小词之间的可替代关系,进行了较为细致的分析列举。在此基础上,分析了造成舍小取大现象较为普遍存在的最大原因,即华语学习的不完整。"Abandoning the Small Word and Taking the Big Word"means that in the specific use of vocab-ulary,words with larger semantic meaning and scope of use are used to replace words with specific mean-ing and relatively small scope of use,which is a very characteristic phenomenon in Chinese language.Firstly,the article takes some words listed in an article and a reference book as clues to carry out relevant investigations;Then,taking"美"and"美丽"which are two big words as examples,this paper makes a de-tailed analysis of the replaceable relationship between them and some small words.On this basis,it analyz-es the main reason for the widespread phenomenon of"Abandoning the Small Word and Taking the Big Word",which is the incompleteness of Chinese language learning.

关 键 词：华语 词汇 “舍小取大”现象 

分 类 号：H136.2[语言文字—汉语]