基于区块链技术的可控负荷入网优化调度策略  

Optimal dispatch strategy of grid-connected controllable load based on blockchain technology

作　　者：程明曦 王冰[1] 王敏[1] 吴晓月 CHENG Mingxi;WANG Bing;WANG Min;WU Xiaoyue(College of Energy and Electrical Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,江苏南京211100

出　　处：《电力自动化设备》2022年第1期109-115,132,共8页Electric Power Automation Equipment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51777058)。

摘　　要：为了解决分布式电力交易机制发展背景下可控负荷入网调度的诸多问题,提出了一种基于区块链技术的可控负荷用户和负荷代理商2类电力主体间的去中心化交易模式。通过整合可控负荷用户的运行特性,充分考虑不同子类用户与负荷代理商之间的购售电需求信息,设计了可控负荷用户和负荷代理商2类决策模型函数,以收益最优为基本原则建立考虑运维成本和运营效能的区块链节点模型。基于可控负荷用户-负荷代理商区块链交易模式,设计了负荷代理商的利润分红激励机制以及智能合约求解算法,同时提出了以负荷代理商效能函数变化率作为共识算法,并说明了区块链数据的结构以及运营流程。算例分析结果表明,所提优化调度策略充分挖掘了可控负荷用户和负荷代理商对电网负荷削峰填谷的潜力,实现双方经济最优的同时保障了区块链网络长期有效运行,可为区块链技术在电力需求响应中的应用提供参考价值。In order to solve the grid-connected dispatch problems of controllable load under the develop⁃ment of distributed power transaction mechanism,a decentralized transaction mode between controllable load users and load agents based on blockchain technology is proposed.By integrating the operation characteris⁃tics of controllable load users and fully considering the demand information of electricity purchase and sales between different sub-categories of users and load agents,two types of decision model functions of controllable load users and load agents are designed.Based on the basic principle of best interest,the blockchain node model is established considering operation and maintenance cost and operation efficiency.Based on the controllable load user-load agent blockchain transaction mode,the profit sharing incentive mechanism of load agents and the smart contract solving algorithm are designed.At the same time,the change rate of load agents’efficiency function is proposed as the consensus algorithm,and the structure and operation process of the blockchain data are explained.The analysis results of an example show that the proposed optimal dispatch strategy fully taps the potential of controllable load users and load agents for peak load shifting of power grid,achieves economic optimization for both parties,and guarantees the long-term effective operation of blockchain network,thus providing reference value for the application of blockchain technology in power demand response.

关 键 词：区块链技术 可控负荷 负荷代理商 效能函数 利润分红 分布式交易 调度策略 

分 类 号：TM714[电气工程—电力系统及自动化] TM734