摩擦翻转式路桥防超载装置及参数分析  

Anti-overload Device of Road and Bridge Based on Friction Overturning and Its Parameter Analysis

作　　者：徐博文 吴二军[1] 蒋勇[1] 胡雨晴 张栋培 XU Bo-wen;WU Er-jun;JIANG Yong;HU Yu-qing;ZHANG Dong-pei(School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学土木与交通学院,南京市210098

出　　处：《公路》2021年第12期252-257,共6页Highway

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目,项目编号51978242。

摘　　要：针对路桥因车辆超载事故频发与寿命大幅缩短问题,提出了道路"保险丝"概念,设计研发了车辆超载自动判别限行装置,并介绍了其运行方法。装置由台座、可翻转滑块、控速限位弹簧、复位单元和超载报警单元组成,利用翻转滑块和台座之间的界面摩擦力与车重产生力矩的力的平衡原理,自动识别超载并转动形成路障,限制超载车通行。建立了装置的受力简图,并基于有车超载界限工况下的力的平衡条件,建立了翻转滑块尺寸、自动、界面摩擦系数、超载限值、控速限位弹簧弹性系数、复位千斤顶额定荷载值等参数的相互关系方程;推导出左右摩擦副界面所需支承力之比和限载值计算表达式。最后假定已知参数,给出一个设计案例。装置的使用可以有效防止超载车辆通行,确保路桥结构安全,延长使用寿命。Regarding the problem of frequent accidents and shortened service life of roads and bridges due to vehicle overload, the concept of road “fuse” is proposed, and a device that automatically recognizes and restricts the driving of a vehicle when overloaded is designed and developed, and its operation method is introduced. The device consists of a pedestal, a overturn slider, a spring that controls the speed and limits the displacement, a reset unit and an overload alarm unit. Taking advantage of the principle of force balance between the frictional force of the interface between the flip slider and the pedestal and the torque generated by the weight of the vehicle, overloading is automatically recognized and a roadblock is formed after rotation to restrict the passing of overloaded vehicles. With the force diagram of the deviceestablished,and based on the force balance conditions under the vehicle overload condition,the relationship equations about parameters such as slider size,automatic,interface friction coefficient,overload limit,elastic coefficient of a spring that controls the speed and limits the displacement,and reset jack rated load value are established,and the ratio of the required supporting force of the left and right friction interfaces and the calculation expressions of the load limit value is derived.Finally,known parameters are assumed and a design case is given.The use of the device described in this paper can effectively prevent the passing of overloaded vehicles,ensure the safety of the road and bridge structure,and extend the service life.

关 键 词：超载治理 自动限载装置 界面摩擦 翻转 平衡条件 限载值 

分 类 号：U491.59[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]