H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O中硝酸铜对脱硫石膏晶须生长的影响  

Influence of Cu(NO_(3))_(2) in H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O on the Growth of Desulfurized Gypsum Whiskers

作　　者：汪潇 马晓晓 金彪 张小婷 张建武 杨留栓 王宇斌[2] WANG Xiao;MA Xiaoxiao;JIN Biao;ZHANG Xiaoting;ZHANG Jianwu;YANG Liushuan;WANG Yubin(School of Chemical & Material Engineering, Henan University of Urban Construction, Pingdingshan 467036, China;School of Resources Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture & Technology, Xi’an 710055, China)

机构地区：[1]河南城建学院材料与化工学院,平顶山467036 [2]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《人工晶体学报》2021年第12期2316-2322,共7页Journal of Synthetic Crystals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51674097,51974218);河南省重大公益专项(201300311000);河南省高等学校重点科研项目计划(19A430007)。

摘　　要：以处理后的脱硫石膏为原料,在H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O体系中以Cu(NO_(3))_(2)为晶形控制剂采用水热法制备脱硫石膏晶须,探讨了Cu(NO_(3))_(2)对脱硫石膏晶须生长的影响机理。结果表明:Cu(NO_(3))_(2)对脱硫石膏有明显促溶作用,其中Cu^(2+)可减小溶液中各离子的活度系数,使溶液中的Ca^(2+)浓度增大。NO^(-)_(3)通过静电作用在Ca^(2+)周围聚集并对SO^(2-)_(4)产生屏蔽作用,导致脱硫石膏继续溶解并使Ca^(2+)和SO^(2-)_(4)的浓度处于相对稳定状态,有利于半水脱硫石膏晶体的形核与生长。此外,Cu^(2+)还可在晶须的生长过程中选择性吸附在晶须表面,生成CuSO_(4),促进了脱硫石膏的结晶生长,最终在Cu(NO_(3))_(2)用量为2.0%(质量分数)时制备的脱硫石膏晶须长径比约为73。Desulfurized gypsum whiskers were prepared by hydrothermal method using treated desulfurized gypsum as raw materials,and Cu(NO_(3))_(2) was used as the crystal form control agent in the H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O system.The influence mechanism of Cu(NO_(3))_(2) on the growth of desulfurized gypsum whiskers was discussed.The results show that Cu(NO_(3))_(2) has obvious dissolution-promoting effect on desulfurized gypsum,and Cu^(2+)could reduce the activity coefficient of each ion in the solution and increase the concentration of Ca^(2+)in the solution.Moreover,NO^(-)_(3) accumulate around Ca^(2+)and shield SO^(2-)_(4) through electrostatic action,which cause the desulfurized gypsum dissolve continuously and keep the concentration of Ca^(2+)and SO^(2-)_(4) in a relatively stable state,and facilitate the nucleation and growth of hemihydrate desulfurized gypsum crystals.In addition,Cu^(2+) selectively adsorb on the surface of the whiskers to generate CuSO_(4) during the growth of the whiskers,thereby improve the crystal growth of desulfurized gypsum whiskers.When the amount of Cu(NO_(3))_(2) is 2.0%(mass fraction),desulfurized gypsum whiskers with an aspect ratio of about 73 are prepared.

关 键 词：脱硫石膏 硝酸铜 晶须 H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O体系 结晶 影响机制 

分 类 号：TQ177.3[化学工程—硅酸盐工业] O784[理学—晶体学]