矿物组成对淮南煤灰熔融特性的影响及熔融机理  

Effect of Mineral Composition on Melting Characteristics and Melting Mechanism of Huainan Coal Ash

作　　者：孙文娟[1] 梁国治[2] SUN Wen-juan;LIANG Guo-zhi(Anhui Vocational and Technical College,Hefei 230011,China;Anhui Institute of Science and Research of Coal,Hefei 230001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽职业技术学院,安徽合肥230011 [2]安徽省煤炭科学研究院,安徽合肥230001

出　　处：《长春师范大学学报》2021年第12期69-75,共7页Journal of Changchun Normal University

基　　金：2020年安徽省高校自然科学研究项目“高盐废水作为选煤补给水对选煤设备的腐蚀影响及对策研究”(KJ2020A1036);高等职业教育创新发展行动计划项目“精细化工技术骨干专业建设”(XM-1-5);2021年安徽省高校优秀拔尖人才培育资助项目“高校优秀青年骨干人才国内外访学研修国内访学”(gxgnfx2021177);2021年安徽职业技术学院校级质量工程提质培优专项——教师教学创新团队“应用化工技术专业教学团队”(2021xjtz025)。

摘　　要：淮南煤是典型的高灰熔点煤,其灰熔点高于气化炉要求的操作温度,煤灰矿物行为是影响其煤灰熔点的主要影响。为了灰分低的淮南煤能用于液态排渣气化炉中,利用X射线荧光光谱分析了淮南矿区六种煤样煤灰的化学成分,通过计算机控制扫描电子显微镜(CCSEM)、X-射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(IR)分析了淮南煤中矿物组成,以及煤灰在熔融过程中矿物质行为的变化及其对煤灰熔融特性的影响。结果表明,高铝硅酸盐黏土矿物和石英含量占淮南煤中矿物含量的60%以上,是导致其煤灰流动温度高于1500℃的主要原因。六种淮南煤中方解石、黄铁矿、高岭石族黏土矿物的含量各不相同。煤样中黄铁矿和方解石含量较高,而高岭石族黏土矿物含量低时,煤灰熔融性较好。煤灰熔融温度受高温下煤灰矿物行为的影响,莫来石将提高煤灰熔融温度,但生成的石英在与铁橄榄石、钙长石共同存在时,生成低熔点共晶体,将有利于煤灰熔融温度的降低。Huainan coal is a typical high ash fusion point of coal,coal ash melting point is higher than the requirements of the gasifier operating temperature,coal ash mineral behavior is largely affected by coal ash melting point,for the low ash content of huainan coal can be used for liquid slag in the gasifier,the minerals in the study of coal ash and coal ash mineral behavior change in the process of melting and the influence of the fusing characteristics of coal ash is particularly important.This paper,by using X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis of the six kinds of huainan mining area coal sample chemical composition in the coal ash,through the computer control of scanning electron microscope(CCSEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),infrared spectrum(IR)analysis of the mineral composition of huainan coal,as well as the change of the coal ash mineral behavior in the process of melting and the impact of the fusing characteristics of coal ash.The results show that the high alumina silicate clay minerals and quartz account for more than 60%of the coal minerals in Huainan mining area,which is the main reason for the coal ash flow temperature greater than 1500℃.The content of calcite,pyrite and kaolinite clay minerals in Huainan coal is different.The content of pyrite and calcite in Huainan coal samples is higher,while the content of kaolinite clay minerals is lower,the fusibility of coal ash is better.The coal ash fusion temperature is affected by the behavior of coal ash minerals at high temperature.Mullite will increase the coal ash fusion temperature,but when the generated quartz coexists with iron olivine and calcium feldspar,it will generate low melting point eutectic,which is conducive to the decrease of coal ash fusion temperature.

关 键 词：化学组成 矿物行为 灰熔融温度 计算机控制扫描电子显微镜 X-射线衍射 红外光谱 

分 类 号：TQ533.6[化学工程—煤化学工程]