中国竞技体育的发展困囿与纾解方略  

Realistic Dilemma and Development Strategy of China's Competitive Sport

作　　者：杨国庆[1,2] YANG Guoqing(Nanjing Sport Institute,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China;Sports and Health Engineering Collaborative Innovation Center of Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏省运动与健康工程协同创新中心,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《上海体育学院学报》2022年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Shanghai University of Sport

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(18ATY003)。

摘　　要：综合运用文献资料、专家访谈等研究方法,对中国竞技体育的发展困囿、主要成因与纾解方略进行探讨。认为,中国竞技体育在未来相当长时间内面临多重矛盾交织叠加、改革任务困难重重、路径依赖依然明显、科技赋能水平不高、训练参赛风险增加等发展困囿。主要成因体现在:发展理念制约战略转型,发展方式阻碍结构优化,发展机制制约职业体育改革进程,发展模式影响竞技人才多元培养,发展条件阻滞科技赋能增效,发展环境限制国际话语权提升,等等。提出中国竞技体育发展困囿的纾解方略:创新发展理念,充分发挥竞技体育示范引领效应;创新备战模式,全力完成奥运参赛办赛任务;创新体制机制,不断释放“新型举国体制”综合效能;创新培养模式,积极探索体教融合育人新路径;创新科技引领,通过数字化转型启动竞技体育变革新引擎,从而推动中国竞技体育高质量发展。The methods of literature review and expert interview were used to discuss the development dilemma,main causes and solutions of China's competitive sport in the future.It is held that it will face such realistic dilemmas for a long time as the entangled multiple contradictions,the difficulties of reform,the obvious path dependence,the low level of scientific and technological empowerment,and the increasing risk of training and competition.The main causes are as follows:the development concept restricts its strategic transformation;the development mode hinders its structural optimization;the development mechanism restricts its reform process of professional sports;the development mode affects its diversified training of competitive talents;the development conditions block its efficiency of scientific and technological empowerment;and the development environment limits the promotion of international discourse power.The development strategy of competitive sport in China are thus put forward:to innovate the concept of development to give full play to the leading demonstration effect of competitive sport;to renew the preparation mode to accomplish the task of participating in and running the Winter Olympic Games;to innovate institutional mechanisms to continuously release the comprehensive effectiveness of the"New National System";to create new training mode to explore the new path of integration of sports and education;to innovate the leading role of science and technology and speed up the digital transformation,which will drive the new engine for competitive sport reform,therefore China's competitive sport will be developed with high quality.

关 键 词：中国竞技体育 体育强国 体教融合 职业体育 竞技人才 新型举国体制 

分 类 号：G80-05[文化科学—运动人体科学]