互花米草入侵对黄河三角洲秋季底栖食物网的影响  

Impacts of Spartina alterniflora invasion on the benthic food web in the Yellow River Delta during autumn

作　　者：姜少玉 陈琳琳[1,2,3] 闫朗 刘春云[1,4] 彭子睿 张传鑫 李宝泉 JIANG Shao-yu;CHEN Lin-lin;YAN Lang;LIU Chun-yun;PENG Zi-rui;ZHANG Chuan-xin;LI Bao-quan(Key Laboratory of Coastal Biology and Biological Resource Utilization,Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Yantai 264003,Shandong,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Center for Ocean Mega-Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,Shandong,China;National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316000,Zhejiang,China;Yantai University,Yantai 264003,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院烟台海岸带研究所,海岸带生物学与生物资源保护实验室,山东烟台264003 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院海洋大科学研究中心,山东青岛266071 [4]浙江海洋大学国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316000 [5]烟台大学,山东烟台264003

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2021年第12期4499-4507,共9页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)项目(KFJ-E W-STS-127);美丽中国生态文明建设科技工程专项(XD A23050202,XDA23050304);中国科学院前沿科学重点研究项目(QYZDB-SSW-DQC041)资助。

摘　　要：为了保滩护岸,互花米草于1990年被引种至黄河三角洲,随后迅速蔓延,给滨海湿地生态系统带来了严重威胁。为了明晰互花米草入侵对黄河三角洲湿地底栖食物网结构的影响,本研究基于稳定同位素技术,于2020年11月对互花米草入侵区域大型底栖动物的潜在食源、营养级和食物网结构进行了采样分析。结果表明:调查区域潜在食源δ^(13)C平均值的变化规律为沉积物(SOM)>互花米草>底栖微藻>悬浮颗粒物(P OM)>盐地碱蓬,潜在食源δ^(15)N值的变化范围为1.24‰~9.03‰,且不同食源间的δ^(15)N值存在差异。调查区域大型底栖动物的营养级范围为1.73~4.19,其中双壳类的营养级最低;互花米草及其腐败后的碎屑是大型底栖动物的重要食源之一,但对大型底栖动物的营养级结构没有显著影响。互花米草入侵通过上行效应改变了底栖生物的食源组成,进而可能影响黄河三角洲湿地食物网的结构。Spartina alterniflora was introduced into the Yellow River Delta(YRD)in 1990 with the purpose of shore protection and siltation accretion.However,it spread rapidly and became a severe threat to the local coastal wetland ecosystem.To assess the impacts of S.alterniflora invasion on the benthic food web,we sampled the potential food sources of macrobenthos in November 2020,analyzed the trophic level and the benthic food web structure based on stable isotope technique.Results showed that the averageδ^(13)C values of macrobenthic food sources followed an order:sediment organic matter(SOM)>S.alterniflora>benthic microalgae>particulate organic matter(POM)>Suaeda salsa.The averageδ^(15)N values significantly differed among food sources,ranging from1.24%c to 9.03‰.The trophic levels of different macrobenthos ranged from 1.73 to 4.19,of which the bivalve species was the lowest one.S.alterniflora and the decayed debris were the most important food sources for macrobenthos,but without any impact on the trophic level structure of macrobenthos.In conclusion,Spartina alterniflora invasion distinctly changed the composition of food sources of macrobenthos through a"bottom-up"effect,which would probably impact the local food web structure in the YRD wetland.

关 键 词：黄河口 互花米草 大型底栖动物 食物网 稳定同位素 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]