冬小麦对不同镉浓度的响应及镉吸收和亚细胞分布特点研究  

Effects of different cadmium concentrations on growth response of wheat and uptake and subcellular distribution of Cd

作　　者：秦世玉 刘红恩 梅浩 李艳行 高巍 聂兆君 李畅 赵鹏 QIN Shiyu;LIU Hongen;MEI Hao;LI Yanhang;GAO Wei;NIE Zhaojun;LI Chang;ZHAO Peng(College of Resources and Environment,Henan Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Soil Pollution and Remediation of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院/河南省土壤污染防控与修复重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2021年第6期1029-1035,共7页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32002128);河南省科技攻关项目(212102310979)。

摘　　要：为探究镉对冬小麦生长及镉吸收、分布的影响,采用营养液培养试验,分析冬小麦在Cd0(0μmol·L^(-1))、Cd5(5μmol·L^(-1))和Cd50(50μmol·L^(-1))3个镉处理水平下干物质积累、根系参数、色素及光合参数、不同组织镉含量及不同亚细胞组分镉含量。结果表明,冬小麦鲜质量、干物质质量及含水量随着镉浓度增加显著降低,同时根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数也显著降低,镉抑制小麦生物量的积累和根系的生长。另外,叶绿素a、叶绿素b含量和蒸腾速率随着镉浓度增加呈现增加趋势。分析不同组织镉浓度发现,小麦根系具有高的镉含量,且根部和地上部镉含量、镉迁移系数随镉浓度增加而增加。不同亚细胞组分镉含量及镉含量比例分析表明,相对于地上部,根系不同亚细胞组分具有更高的镉含量,镉含量及镉含量比例为:可溶性组分>细胞壁组分>细胞器组分,说明冬小麦根系亚细胞组分中可溶性组分和细胞壁组分是镉的主要贮存部位。In order to investigate the effects of cadmium(Cd)on winter wheat growth and Cd absorption and distribution,the dry matter accumulation,root parameters,pigment concentration,photosynthetic parameter and content of Cd in different tissues and subcellular components were analyzed under three Cd treatments of Cd0(0μmol·L^(-1)),Cd5(5μmol·L^(-1))and Cd50(50μmol·L^(-1))Cd through nutrient solution culture experiment.The results showed that the fresh weight,dry matter weight and water content of winter wheat decreased significantly with the increase of Cd concentration.Meanwhile,the root length,root surface area,root volume and root tip number were also significantly decreased,indicating that the accumulation of biomass and root growth of winter wheat were inhibited by Cd application.In addition,the chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and transpiration rate increased with the increase of Cd concentration.The analysis of Cd concentration in different tissues showed that there was higher Cd concentration in root than that of shoot.The concentration and migration coefficient of Cd in root and shoot increased with the increase of Cd concentration.The analysis of Cd concentration and percentage of Cd content in different subcellular components showed that there was higher Cd concentration of subcellular components of root than that of shoot.The order of Cd concentration and percentage of Cd content was soluble component>cell wall component>organelle component,indicated that the soluble components and cell wall components in root subcellular component of winter wheat were the main storage sites of Cd.

关 键 词：镉 小麦 根系参数 光合参数 亚细胞分布 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]