江苏地区蛋鸡场饲料、鸡粪中玉米赤霉烯酮、黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和呕吐毒素污染情况调查  

Sampling Survey of Zearalenone,Aflatoxin B_(1) and Vomit Toxin in Feed and Feces of Laying Hens in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：王强[1] 童海兵[1] 施寿荣[1] 邵丹[1] 伍华信 徐柯 WANG Qiang;TONG Haibing;SHI Shourong;SHAO Dan;WU Huaxin;XU Ke(Jiangsu lnstitute of Poultry Sciences,Yangzhou,Jiangsu 225125;Jinhu Yintu Center Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station,Huaian,Jiangsu 211600;Mianyang Heben Bioengineering Co.,Ltd.,Mianyang,Sichuan 621000)

机构地区：[1]江苏省家禽科学研究所,江苏扬州225125 [2]金湖县银涂中心畜牧兽医站,江苏淮安211600 [3]绵阳禾本生物工程有限公司,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《中国家禽》2021年第12期73-77,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-40-S23);江苏省现代农业(蛋鸡)产业技术体系建设项目(JATS[2020]357)。

摘　　要：为了解蛋鸡养殖中霉菌毒素的污染状况,采用荧光免疫定量检测技术对江苏3个地区3个养殖规模的27个蛋鸡场饲料与鸡粪中玉米赤霉烯酮、黄曲霉毒素B_(1)和呕吐毒素含量进行检测,分析其区域和规模间的平均含量及超标情况,评估其污染风险。结果显示:受检蛋鸡场中有14个蛋鸡场的饲料样中黄曲霉毒素B_(1)存在检出超标,其中1个超标6倍,其余超标在2~4倍间;区域分布差别明显,如:B地区6个(超标率66.66%),A地区3个(超标率33.33%),C地区5个(超标率55.55%),平均超标率51.85%。养殖规模间也存在明显差别,养殖规模≤1.0万只的蛋鸡场超标3个(33.33%),养殖规模1.0万~5.0万只的蛋鸡场超标7个(77.78%),养殖规模≥5.0万只的蛋鸡场超标4个(44.44%)。相对而言,玉米赤霉烯酮和呕吐毒素的污染较轻,均在国家标准限量以内。粪样中毒素检测虽未超标,但也存在受摄入污染饲料影响的可能。提示黄曲霉毒素B_(1)是调研地区蛋鸡场养殖中的主要潜在危害因子。In order to understand the mycotoxin pollution status in layer breeding,the contents of zearalenone,aflatoxin B_(1) and emetic toxin in feed and feces of 27 layer farms in three areas and three scales of Jiangsu province were detected by fluorescence immunoassay quantitative POCT.The average content and over standard situation between regions and scales were analyzed,and the pollution risk was evaluated.The results showed that aflatoxin B_(1) in feed samples of 14 farms exceeded the standard,one of which exceeded the standard by 6 times,and the others exceeded the standard by 2 to 4 times;There were obvious differences in regional distribution,6 in area B(66.66%),3 in area A(33.33%) and 5 in area C(55.55%) the average exceeding rate was 51.85%.There were also significant differences among the breeding scales.Three(33.33%) of the farms with breeding scale of less than or equal to 10 000 chickens exceeded the standard,seven(77.78%) of the farms with breeding scale of10 000 to 50 000 chickens exceeded the standard,and four(44.44%) of the farms with breeding scale of more than or equal to50 000 chickens exceeded the standard.Relatively speaking,the pollution of zearalenone and vomit toxin was light,and both were within the national standard limit.Although the fecal toxicosin test did not exceed the standard,it might be affected by the intake of contaminated feed.It′s suggested that aflatoxin B_(1) was the main potential hazard factor in the breeding of laying hens in the investigated area.

关 键 词：蛋鸡场 饲料 鸡粪 霉菌毒素 污染 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]