气温和降雨量对油菜蚜虫田间种群动态的影响  

Effects of Temperature and Rainfall on Field Population Dynamics of Rape Aphid

作　　者：胡娟 毕冰峰 荣维国 郝睿 王斌 徐宏斌 HU Juan;BI Bingfeng;RONG Weiguo;HAO Rui;WANG Bin;XU Hongbin(Lu'an Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Lu'an Anhui 237010)

机构地区：[1]六安市农业科学研究院,安徽六安237010

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2022年第1期83-86,91,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：农业基础性长期性科技工作项目(ZX04S1306)。

摘　　要：为了解六安地区油菜蚜虫种群发生特点,于2017年10月至2020年5月,利用黄板诱集和田间系统调查开展了油菜有翅蚜、若虫种群消长动态监测,研究了田间种群变化与气温、降雨的相关性。结果表明:有翅蚜发生呈现1个发生主峰期,即11—12月;若虫发生有3个峰期,即11月下旬至12月、翌年1月、翌年4月下旬至5月上旬。油菜整个生育期月均气温3~25℃,月均降雨量21~261 mm,有翅蚜种群发生量与气温变化成极显著负相关,与降雨量成显著负相关。若虫种群量在寄主油菜品种中双11上,与气温显著相关,与降雨量微弱相关;在寄主品种秦优10号上,与气温低显著相关,与降雨量微弱相关;在寄主品种中核杂418上,与气温显著相关,与降雨量微弱相关。综上所述,油菜有翅蚜和若虫种群发生动态与油菜生长期相吻合,气温是影响油菜蚜虫种群构建与消长的关键因子,降雨量对油菜蚜虫田间种群动态影响不明显。In order to understand the occurrence characteristics of rape aphid population in Lu′an area,the dynamics of rape winged aphid and nymph population were monitored by yellow board trapping and field systematic investigation from October 2017 to May 2020,and the correlation between field population change and temperature and rainfall was studied.The results showed that there was one major peak period of winged aphid(from November to December).There were three peak periods of nymph,namely,from late November to December,January in the next year,and from late April to early May in the next year.During the whole growth period of rape,the average monthly temperature was 3-25℃,and the average monthly rainfall was 21-261 mm.The number of the winged aphid population had extremely significant negative correlation with temperature,and had significant negative correlation with rainfall.The number of nymph population was significantly correlated with temperature in the host species Zhongshuang 11,and was weakly correlated with rainfall.The number of nymph population had lower significant correlation with temperature in the host species Qinyou 10,and was weakly correlated with rainfall.The number of nymph population was significantly correlated with temperature in the host species Zhongheza 418,and was weakly correlated with rainfall.In conclusion,the population dynamics of winged aphids and nymphs in rape was consistent with the growth period of rape.Temperature was the key factor affecting the construction and fluctuation of rape aphid population,and rainfall had no obvious effect on the field population dynamics of rape aphid.

关 键 词：油菜蚜虫 气温 降雨 种群动态 

分 类 号：S435.654[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]