基于采矿环境再造的空区顶板-矿柱系统协同作用  

Synergism of Goaf Roof-Pillar System Based on Mining Environment Reconstruction

作　　者：周晓超[1] ZHOU Xiaochao(Kunming Design&Research Institute of Nonferrous Metallurgy Co.,Ltd,Kunming 650051,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司,云南昆明650051

出　　处：《昆明冶金高等专科学校学报》2021年第5期28-37,共10页Journal of Kunming Metallurgy College

摘　　要：为研究空区系统动态演化过程中的协同稳定规律,运用三维有限元3D-σ,以某具体工程实际为背景进行了空区顶板-矿柱系统协同作用研究,得出各模拟方案顶板-矿柱系统安全率、塑性区和应力场的分布;探索了空区系统协同处理模式力学响应;从协同理念出发,为保证后续矿体安全开采提出块石充填采矿环境再造技术进行矿体原有环境修复方案。有限元研究结果表明:协同发展具有条件性,当顶板跨度为15m、20m、30m时对应协同矿柱结构尺寸为3m、4.5m和6m,空区系统顶板为大理岩、玄武岩时极限暴露面积指标分别为1000m^(2)、1600m^(2);以现有方式进行后续矿体开采,应力集中现象明显,顶板最大拉应力为3.496MPa,低于围岩极限强度,安全率为0.924,低于临界状态;在块石充填环境改造后,最大拉应力降至1.655MPa,安全率为1.229,应力场、安全率明显改善,能确保后续矿体开采期间系统协同稳定。In order to study the rule of synergism of goaf system in the process of dynamic evolution,3 D-σ finite element method is used.Based on the practice of a specific project,the synergism of roof-pillar system in goaf is studied,and the safety rate,plastic zone and stress field distribution of roof pillar system in each simulation scheme are obtained,the mechanical response of cooperative processing mode of void system is explored.From the concept of synergism,to guarantee the subsequent ore which is mined safely,the mining environment reconstruction of waste filling technology is proposed to proceed with the original environmental modification of ore body.The results of FEM prove that collaborative development is conditional.When the roof span is 15 m,20 m and 30 m,the corresponding coordinated pillar structure dimensions are 3 m,4.5 m and 6 m.The index of limiting exposed area are respectively 1000 m^(2),1600 m^(2) with the roof of goaf system being as marble and basalt.The concentration of stress intensifies with existing way to mine follow-up ore.The maximum tension stress of roof reaches 3.496 MPa,which is inferior to the peak strength of surrounding rock and the safety rate of 0.924 is far below critical state.When the ore environment is transformed by waste filling,the maximum tension stress reduces to 1.655 MPa,and the safety ratio rises to 1.229.The stress field and safety ratio are improved and the synergism of system can be confirmed during the mining process of subsequent ore.

关 键 词：空场法 顶板-矿柱系统 采矿环境再造 协同作用 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TD322.1[矿业工程—矿井建设]