不同加载速度下苹果果皮穿刺力学特性研究  

Study on Puncture Mechanical Properties of Apple Peel Under Different Loading Speeds

作　　者：蒋冰瑶 王菊霞 李涛[1] 陈涛 Jiang Bingyao;Wang Juxia;Li Tao;Chen Tao(College of Agricultural Engineering, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu 030800, China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农业工程学院,山东太谷030800

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第6期145-151,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11802167);山西省应用基础研究项目(201801D221297);山西省研究生创新项目(J202082007);山西省优秀博士来晋工作奖励资金科研项目(SXYBKY201754);山西农业大学科技创新基金项目(2017YJ15)。

摘　　要：对苹果果皮穿刺力学特性进行研究,旨在为果实品质评价提供参考,为改善采收、运输、贮藏手段,减轻果实损伤提供理论依据。以丹霞、富士、国光3个苹果品种为研究对象,采用TA.XT plus型质构仪,选取0.01、0.1、0.5、1、1.5、2、5、9、13、17mm/s等10个加载速度对苹果果皮阴阳面进行穿刺力学特性试验,分析同一品种相同加载速度下不同穿刺部位和不同加载速度下的果皮穿刺强度以及不同品种间相同加载速度下果皮穿刺强度。采用扫描电镜处理观察果皮微观结构,分析不同穿刺部位果皮穿刺强度差异原因。结果表明:相同加载速度下,同一品种阳面果皮穿刺强度大于阴面果皮穿刺强度,阴阳面果皮穿刺强度存在极显著差异(P<0.01);不同加载速度下,同一品种果皮穿刺强度到速度曲线图中,阳面曲线有两个峰,阴面曲线趋势不明显;相同加载速度下,不同品种果皮丹霞穿刺强度最大,富士穿刺强度最小。由此得出结论为果皮穿刺强度与穿刺部位、加载速度呈极显著相关关系,与品种呈不相关关系。The mechanical properties of apple peel puncture were studied to provide reference for fruit quality evaluation and theoretical basis for improving the means of harvesting,transportation and storage and reducing fruit damage.[Methods]To Danxia,Fuji,Guoguang three varieties of apple as the research object,adopting TA.XT plus type structure,selection of 0.01,0.1,0.5,1,1.5,2,5,9,13,17 mm/s ten loading rate on the apple peel to puncture the mechanics characteristic test of yin and yang,analysis of the same species under the same loading speed puncture and different loading speed skin puncture strength,different varieties under the same loading speed puncture strength of the skin.The microscopic structure of pericarp was observed by scanning electron microscopy,and the reasons for the difference of pericarp puncture intensity were analyzed.[Results]Under the same loading speed,the puncture strength of the yang-side pericarp of the same variety was greater than that of the yin-side pericarp,and the puncture strength of the yin-side pericarp of the same variety was significantly different(P<0.01).Under different loading rates,there were two peaks on the positive side curve and no obvious trend on the negative side curve of the same cultivar.Under the same loading speed,the puncture intensity of Danxia pericarp of different varieties was the highest,while that of Fuji pericarp was the lowest.[Conclusion]The intensity of pericarp puncture was significantly correlated with the location of puncture and loading speed,but had no correlation with variety.

关 键 词：苹果 果皮 加载速度 穿刺强度 

分 类 号：S183[农业科学—农业基础科学]