乙烯促进牡丹‘洛阳红’切花花瓣脱落与内源生长素的关联性分析  

Correlation Analysis of Auxin Involved in the Process of Petal Abscission of Tree Peony Luoyanghong Cut Flowers by Ethylene Promoting

作　　者：叶迪 施江[1] 高双成[1] 王占营 史国安[1] YE Di;SHI Jiang;GAO ShuangCheng;WANG ZhanYing;SHI GuoAn(College of Mudan,Henan University of Science and Technology/Luoyang Key Laboratory of Peony Biology,Luoyang 471023,Henan;Research Institute of Peony,Luoyang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Luoyang 471000,Henan)

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学牡丹学院/洛阳市牡丹生物学重点实验室,河南洛阳471023 [2]洛阳农林科学院牡丹研究所,河南洛阳471000

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第23期5097-5109,共13页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000407);国家自然科学基金(31372098);河南省自然科学基金(162300410075)。

摘　　要：【目的】探讨牡丹切花衰老过程中花瓣萎蔫脱落的生理机制,为更好地开发牡丹切花贮藏保鲜技术提供理论依据。【方法】以‘洛阳红’牡丹为试材,分别用去离子水(CK)、20μL·L^(-1)乙烯拮抗剂可利鲜(AVB)、20μL·L^(-1)乙烯释放剂乙烯利(CEPA)处理1 h时及20μL·L^(-1)可利鲜预处理1 h后再用20μL·L^(-1)乙烯利处理1 h(AVB+CEPA),然后插入去离子水进行单枝瓶插,观测不同预处理的生理效应。利用显微镜观察花瓣离层细胞形态,通过拉力试验测定瓶插过程中花瓣抗脱落力,运用生理生化手段测定乙烯与生长素代谢、离层水解相关酶活性和PsETR1、PsCTR1、PsEIN3、PsERF1、PsYUCCA10、PsPIN1、PsPME1、PsPG1及PsBG1的相对表达量。【结果】牡丹‘洛阳红’切花花瓣基部有明显的离层结构;AVB预处理明显推迟了切花乙烯跃变出现的时间,乙烯释放峰值降低34.9%(P<0.05),提高了花瓣的抗脱落力,降低了花瓣基部多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(PG)、β-葡萄糖苷酶(BG)活性和PsPG1、PsBG1表达量,延缓了牡丹切花的衰老进程,显著延长了切花的瓶插寿命;外源CEPA明显加快了花瓣内源乙烯的释放速率,提高了生长素氧化酶(IAAO)、PG和BG活性,加快了切花花瓣的离层细胞的衰老,减小了花瓣的抗脱落力,从而促进了花瓣的萎蔫脱落;AVB+CEPA复合预处理瓶插寿命和最佳观赏期与对照组相差不大,CEPA能够部分抵消AVB的生理效应。【结论】对乙烯敏感型切花牡丹‘洛阳红’,内源生长素参与了乙烯促进花瓣离层细胞脱落的过程,控制乙烯是改善其切花瓶插品质的基础途径。【Objective】The aim of this study was to explore the physiological mechanisms of petal wilting and abscission during the senescence of cut tree peony flowers,so as to provide the theoretical basis for better development of storage and preservation technology of cut tree peony flowers.【Method】The cut flowers were pretreated with deionized water(CK),20μL·L^(-1) ethylene antagonist Correxian(AVB),20μL·L^(-1) ethylene releasing agent ethephon(CEPA),and 20μL·L^(-1) Correxian for 1 h,respectively,followed by 20μL·L^(-1) ethephon 1 h(AVB+CEPA).The flowers were then placed in individual vases filled with distilled water.The morphology of the petals absciss zone cells were observed by using a microscope.The petal anti-falling ability was determined by using the tensile test during the vase cutting process.The physiological effects of different pretreatments were observed respectively using the physiological and biochemical methods to determine the ethylene and auxin metabolism,the absciss zone hydrolysis-related enzyme activities,and the relative expressions of PsETR1,PsCTR1,PsEIN3,PsERF1,PsYUCCA10,PsPIN1,PsPME1,PsPG1 and PsBG1 genes.【Result】The results showed that the basal petal of the cut tree peony Luoyanghong had a clear separation layer structure.AVB significantly delayed the occurrence of ethylene climacteric in cut flowers,and decreased the ethylene release peak by 34.9%(P<0.05),while the petal anti-falling ability was improved.The activities of polygalaturonase(PG),β-glucosidase(BG)and the expressions of PsPG1 and PsBG1 genes at the base of the petals absciss zone were reduced,which delayed the senescence process of cut tree peony flowers,thus significantly extended its vase life.Nevertheless,the exogenous CEPA significantly accelerated the release rate of endogenous ethylene in the petals,increased the activities of IAA oxidase(IAAO),PG and BG,accelerated the senescence of the absciss zone cells in the petals of cut flowers,and reduced the petal anti-falling ability,thus promoted its wilting

关 键 词：牡丹 切花 离区 乙烯 生长素 脱落 

分 类 号：S685.11[农业科学—观赏园艺]