不同覆盖处理对金丝皇菊种植地的控草效果  

Effect of Different Mulching Measures on Weed Control of Chrysanthemum morifolium‘Jinsihuangju’Field

作　　者：杨霞[1] 付佑胜[2] 李建伟[1] 杨倩 李永丰[1] YANG Xia;FU You-sheng;LI Jian-wei;YANG Qian;LI Yong-feng(Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China;Huaiyin Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Xuhuai Region in Jiangsu,Huai'an 223001,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014 [2]江苏徐淮地区淮阴农业科学研究所,江苏淮安223001

出　　处：《杂草学报》2021年第3期61-66,共6页Journal of Weed Science

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新资金[编号:CX17(3050)];现代农业人才引进项目(编号:BX2019017)。

摘　　要：金丝皇菊属于多年生草本菊科植物,是我国特色中草药之一。田间杂草的化学防除存在产生药害、污染中药材品质的风险。对金丝皇菊种植地的杂草进行调查,并设计不同秸秆覆盖(水稻秸秆、玉米秸秆和大豆秸秆)、地膜覆盖(黑色地膜和透明地膜)处理,对杂草防除效果进行试验研究。结果发现,畦沟使用的3种秸秆覆盖处理均有很好的抑草效果,其中采用玉米秸秆8 cm厚度覆盖抑制杂草的效果最佳,抑草率高达94.54%;垄上黑色地膜覆盖抑草效果明显高于透明地膜,达90.91%。因此,垄上的黑色地膜覆盖+畦沟的玉米秸秆覆盖组合可大幅抑制金丝皇菊田间的杂草密度,为江苏省金丝皇菊种植地的生态控草提供科学依据。Chrysanthemum morifolium‘Jinsihuangju’,one of Chinese herbal medicines,is a perennial herb of the Compositae family.Its quality and safe production are threatened by chemical herbicides.In this study,non-chemical methods to control weeds C.morifolium‘Jinsihuangju’fields were evaluated.Straw(from rice,maize and soybean)and plastic films(black and white)mulches were assessed for their weed control efficacy.The three straw mulches in border strips effectively controlled emerging weeds.The most effective was maize straw(8 cm thick)that provided 94.54%control.The black plastic film placed on ridges,providing up to 91.91% weed control,was significantly more effective than the white plastic film.Therefore,the management strategy of combining black plastic film mulching on ridge and maize straw mulching can greatly control weed density and provide effective ecologically-based weed control in C.morifolium‘Jinsihuangju’fields.

关 键 词：金丝皇菊 杂草防除 秸秆覆盖 地膜覆盖 控草效果 

分 类 号：S474.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]