濒危植物崖柏回归苗木存活和生长与环境因子的关联性  

Survival and Growth of Reintroduced Thuja sutchuenensis Seedlings in Relation to Environmental Factors

作　　者：马凡强[1] 郭泉水[1] 秦爱丽[1] 简尊吉 黄吉勇 王中兵 杨泉 张世强 Ma Fanqiang;Guo Quanshui;Qin Aili;Jian Zunji;Huang Jiyong;Wang Zhongbing;Yang Quan;Zhang Shiqiang(Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration Research Institute of Forest Ecology,Environment and Protection,CAF,Beijing 100091;Mayun State-Owned Forest Farm,Kaizhou District,Chongqing City,Chongqing 404500;Administration of Chongqing Xuebao Mountain National Nature Reserve Forestry Bureau of Kaizhou District,Chongqing City,Chongqing 404500;Administration of Chongqing Daba Mountain National Nature Reserve,Chongqing 405900)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所,国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室,北京100091 [2]重庆市开州区国有马云林场,重庆404500 [3]重庆市开州区林业局,重庆雪宝山国家级自然保护区管理局,重庆404500 [4]重庆大巴山国家级自然保护区管理局,重庆405900

出　　处：《林业科学》2021年第11期1-12,共12页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：国家林业和草原局野生动植物保护专项(2130211-19);重庆市市级财政极小种群野生植物拯救保护项目(2018);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0503103)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究崖柏回归初期苗木存活和生长与环境因子的关系,揭示影响崖柏回归初期苗木存活和生长的主要环境因子,为回归崖柏生境管理提供科学依据。【方法】采用典型抽样法,在重庆市开州区和城口县崖柏回归区内布设142块20 m×20 m样地,调查崖柏的保存率、苗高、地径和冠幅以及气候、地形、土壤、生物、回归地利用和管理方式等因子。运用灰色关联分析法,揭示影响回归崖柏苗木存活和生长的主要环境因子;运用回归分析法,研究回归崖柏苗木存活和生长指标随主要因子的变化。【结果】影响回归崖柏苗木存活和生长的主要环境因子因地而异,在开州崖柏回归区影响最大的是回归地利用和管理方式,其次是气候因子中的最冷月最低气温和年均气温,地形因子中的坡向,土壤因子中的土壤有效钾含量、土壤有效氮含量和土壤总孔隙度;在城口崖柏回归区影响最大的是气候因子中的最冷月最低气温,其次是气候因子中的年均气温和月均昼夜温差,地形因子中的坡度,土壤因子中的土壤全钾含量和土壤非毛管孔隙度以及生物因子中的杂草盖度。在开州回归区,崖柏的苗高和地径与最冷月最低气温、年均气温呈显著(P<0.05)或极显著(P<0.01)正相关,冠幅与年均气温、土壤有效钾含量、土壤有效氮含量和土壤总孔隙度呈显著或极显著正相关;在城口回归区,苗高、地径、冠幅与最冷月最低气温呈极显著正相关,冠幅与年均气温、苗高与月均昼夜温差呈显著正相关,冠幅与土壤全钾含量呈极显著正相关。开州回归区苗木保存率与土壤有效钾含量呈显著负相关。崖柏苗木的地径和冠幅以阴坡最大,苗木保存率以半阳坡最高;间作农作物的地径最粗,林冠下造林的地径最细;间作药材的冠幅最大,撂荒地的冠幅最小;间作农作物的苗木保存率大,苗木较高,但与其他回归地利�【Objective】The survival and growth of reintroduced Thuja sutchuenensis seedlings in relation to environmental factors were studied to reveal the main environmental factors that affect the survival and growth of T.sutchuenensis at the initial stage of reintroduction and to provide a scientific basis for habitat management.【Method】Using typical sampling method,142 plots of 20 m×20 m were set up in the T.sutchuenensis reintroduction areas in Kaizhou district and chengkou County of Chongqing city to investigate the preservation ratio,tree height,basal diameter,crown width,and 26 environmental factors including climate,topography,soil,vegetation,and human disturbance.Grey relational analysis was performed to reveal the main factors.The regression analysis was used to reveal the variations of survival and growth of the reintroduced T.sutchuenensis seedlings with the environmental factors.【Result】The main environmental factors affecting the survival and growth of T.sutchuenensis seedlings were different in different places.In Kaizhou,the main environmental factors were type of land use and management,minimum temperature of the coldest month,mean annual temperature,slope aspect,content of available soil potassium,content of available soil nitrogen,and total soil porosity.In Chengkou,the main environmental factors were minimum temperature of the coldest month,mean annual temperature,mean diurnal range of temperature(mean of monthly),slope,content of soil total potassium,non-capillary soil porosity,and weeds coverage.In Kaizhou,the seedling height and basal diameter of T.sutchuenensis were significantly(P<0.05)or extremely significantly(P<0.01)positively correlated with the minimum temperature of the coldest month and with the annual average temperature.The crown width was significantly(P<0.05)or extremely significantly(P<0.01)positively correlated with the content of available soil potassium content,content of available soil nitrogen,and total soil porosity.The preservation ratio of seedlings was significantl

关 键 词：濒危植物 崖柏 回归初期 保存率 生长 环境因子 灰色关联分析 回归分析 方差分析 

分 类 号：S718.45[农业科学—林学] S791.37