2-甲基萘的合成应用研究现状及展望  

Research status and prospect of synthetic applications of 2-methylnaphthalene

作　　者：胡发亭 李军芳 毛学锋 常秋连 吴艳 马博文 刘敏 HU Fating;LI Junfang;MAO Xuefeng;CHANG Qiulian;WU Yan;MA Bowen;LIU Min(Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry,CCTEG China Coal Research Institute,Beijing100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司煤化工分院,北京100013 [2]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《洁净煤技术》2021年第5期68-76,共9页Clean Coal Technology

基　　金：天地科技股份有限公司科技创新创业资金专项资助项目(2020-TD-MS004);煤炭科学技术研究院技术创新基金资助项目(2019CXII-01)。

摘　　要：2-甲基萘是煤衍生油、石油焦油、重质芳烃中含量较高、用途广泛、价值较大的重要化工原料。为了延伸2-甲基萘的加工产业链,提高其资源利用率,论述了2-甲基萘的各种合成化合物的特点、性质及用途,以及合成这些化合物的技术特点、研究现状及最新进展。重点介绍了2-甲基萘合成制2-甲基萘醌和萘基高聚物前驱体2种关键技术,并对主要合成方法进行对比分析。2-甲基萘氧化合成制2-甲基萘醌可以分为气体氧化法、过氧化物氧化法和其他氧化物氧化法。气体氧化法以空气为原料,廉价易得,适用于连续操作的大规模工业化生产,不过反应条件苛刻,原料转化率和产物收率有待提高。过氧化物氧化法绿色环保、反应条件温和,但过氧化物成本高、性质不稳定,限制了其在工业生产中的应用。其他氧化物氧化法主要以氧化性盐类为氧化剂,氧化性强,原料转化率和产物收率高,但要防止过度氧化,同时氧化过程中产生的重金属废水、废料需要彻底处理,会增加企业环保成本。2,6-二甲基萘和2-甲基-6-酰基萘是重要的萘基高聚物前驱体,2-甲基萘可以通过歧化、甲醇烷基化和转移甲基化反应合成2,6-二甲基萘。甲醇烷基化法合成2,6-二甲基萘具有原料价格便宜、技术相对成熟、工艺过程简单等优势,是具有较大应用前景的2,6-二甲基萘合成工艺路线。2-甲基萘酰化合成制2-甲基-6-酰基萘具有副产物少、转化率高、收率高等优点,是目前合成萘基高聚物前驱体领域的研究热点。2-Methylnaphthalene is an important chemical material with high content,wide application and high value in coal-derived oil,petroleum tar and heavy aromatics.In order to extend the processing industrial chain of 2-methylnaphthalene and improve the utilization efficiency,the characteristics,properties and uses of various synthetic compounds of 2-methylnaphthalene were discussed,and the techni⁃cal characteristics,research status and latest progress of synthesis of these compounds were discussed.Two key technologies for synthesis of 2-methylnaphthoquinone and naphthyl polymer precursors from 2-methylnaphthalene were introduced in this paper and the main synthe⁃sis methods were compared and analyzed.The synthesis of 2-methylnaphthoquinone by oxidation of 2-methyl naphthalene can be divided into gas oxidation,peroxide oxidation and other oxidation methods.The gas oxidation method is cheap and easy to obtain from air,and is suitable for large-scale industrial production with continuous operation.However,the reaction conditions are harsh,and the conversion rate of raw materials and the yield of products need to be improved.The peroxide oxidation is green,the reaction conditions are mild,but the cost of peroxide is high and the properties are unstable,which limits its application in industrial production.The oxidation of other ox⁃ides mainly uses oxidizing salts as oxidant,which has strong oxidation property,high conversion of raw material and high yield of product.To prevent excessive oxidation,at the same time,the heavy metal wastewater and waste produced in the oxidation process need to be treated thoroughly,which will increase the environmental protection cost of enterprises.2,6-dimethylnaphthalene and 2-methyl-6-acylnaphthalene are important naphthalene polymer precursors.2,6-dimethyl naphthalene can be synthesized by disproportionation,methanol alkylation and transfer methylation.The synthesis of 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene by methanol alkylation has the advantages of material,relatively mature technology and sim

关 键 词：2-甲基萘 2-甲基萘醌 2 6-二甲基萘 2-甲基-6-酰基萘 

分 类 号：TQ522[化学工程—煤化学工程]