华安金山红锥人工母树林改建技术成效分析  

An analysis on the effectiveness of reconstruction technique for Castanopsis hystrix Miq.artificial parent stand in Huaan Jinshan

作　　者：邹文真 ZOU Wenzhen(Huaan Jinshan State-owned Forest Farm,Huaan 363803,Fujian,China)

机构地区：[1]福建省华安金山国有林场,福建华安363803

出　　处：《福建林业》2021年第6期27-30,共4页Fujian Forestry

基　　金：福建省林木种苗科技攻关六期项目“红锥良种选育与繁育技术研究”。

摘　　要：为提高红锥种子产量和质量,短期内为生产提供红锥优质种子,缓解生产上对红锥优质种苗供需不足问题,根据母树林建设原则和要求,对华安金山林场27年生优良红锥人工林,通过采用疏伐留优去劣,林分郁闭度控制在0.6左右,并辅以割灌除草、清杂、施肥等技术措施营建成改建型母树林。对改建前后母树林的生长性状、种子产量和质量等指标测定,结果表明:改建型母树林长势旺盛,林分质量、种子产量和质量等性状指标得到很大程度的改善或提高,改建实施1 a,母树林的胸径、树高、冠幅和单株材积分别年均生长量达1.9 cm、0.9 m、0.7 m和0.1000 m^(3),Ⅰ级木比例达到36.35%;年产优质净种子量可达283.35~441.60 kg·hm^(-2),比改建前的种子产量提高了83.04%~185.27%,种子千粒重1.03~1.12 kg,较改造前更大粒且种子饱满、大小较为均匀,种子发芽率达91%以上,播种后苗木长势旺盛且相对较为整齐,1年生苗高平均达32.5 cm以上,达到红锥合格苗的要求。改建型母树林的营建技术可为红锥母树林的营建提供技术指导或借鉴。A 27-year-old high quality Castanopsis hystrix artificial forest in Huaan Jinshan Farm was reconstructed in line with the construction principles and requirements for parent stands,aiming to improve the yield and quality of C.hystrix seeds,and thus provide high-quality seeds in the short term and alleviate the insufficient supply of high-quality seedlings for production.Thinning technique was adopted to remove inferior trees and maintain forest canopy density at about 0.6,backed by technical measures including brush cutting,weeding,cleaning and fertilization.The growth traits,seed yield and quality of the parent stand before and after the reconstruction were determined.The result showed that the parent stand gained vigorous growth after reconstruction,with stand quality,seed yield and quality significantly improved.One year after the reconstruction,the average annual increment of diameters in breast height,tree height,crown width and volume of the parent stand reached 1.9 cm,0.9 m,0.7 m and 0.1000 m3,respectively;the proportion of Class I trees reached 36.35%;the annual high-quality net seed yield reached 283.35 kg·hm^(-2)in the early stage and increased to 441.60 kg·hm^(-2)after one year,an improvement of 83.04%and 185.27%;the thousand-grain weight of the seeds rose to 1.03 and 1.12 kg in the beginning and end of the study period,respectively;also,the seeds were larger,fuller and more uniform in size,and demonstrated an excellent germination rate above 91%.After sowing,the seedlings exhibited strong and neat growth.The average height of 1-year-old seedlings exceeded 32.5 cm,which met the requirements for qualified seedlings of C.hystrix.The construction technique of reconstructed parent stand can provide technical guidance or reference for the construction of C.hystrix parent stand.

关 键 词：红锥 改建型母树林 母树林改建技术 改建成效 

分 类 号：S722.82[农业科学—林木遗传育种]