采动覆岩全场变形演化过程分布式光纤监测研究  

Evolution of mining-induced overburden deformation using distributed optical fiber

作　　者：朱磊 古文哲 柴敬[2] 马哲[2] 秋丰岐 ZHU Lei;GU Wenzhe;CHAI Jing;MA Zhe;QIU Fengqi(China Coal Energy Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710054,China;College of Energy Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an 710054,China)

机构地区：[1]中煤能源研究院有限责任公司,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学能源学院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《采矿与岩层控制工程学报》2022年第1期39-46,共8页Journal of Mining and Strata Control Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41027002,51174280,51804244)。

摘　　要：以龙王沟煤矿61601综放工作面为背景,采用分布式光纤传感技术,研究了覆岩变形分布式光纤监测方法,分析了光纤应变曲线变化与采场覆岩变形、破坏、移动过程的对应关系,探讨了采场覆岩导水裂隙带高度和岩层破断角动态发育过程及机理。研究结果表明:光纤应变曲线的变化揭示了各回采阶段上覆岩层的变形过程,曲线的形态主要与光纤和工作面的相对位置以及关键层破断过程有关;垂直光纤应变曲线呈台阶状,凸台位于“三带”交界处,其位置变化代表垮落带和裂隙带高度发育过程;水平光纤应变曲线在模型两侧破断线位置呈双峰状,间距不断变化,表明岩层破断角在采动过程中是动态变化的;通过光纤应变曲线获得导水裂隙带和岩层破断角的动态发育过程,导水裂隙带最终发育至地表,开切眼侧和工作面侧岩层破断角分别为67.6°和65.8°。试验结果可为类似条件下采场覆岩变形移动规律的研究提供参考。Taking the 61601 fully mechanized top coal caving face of Longwanggou Coal Mine as the background,the distributed optical fiber monitoring method of overburden deformation is studied using the distributed optical fiber sensing technology.The corresponding relationship between the change of optical fiber strain curve and the deformation,failure and movement process of overburden is analyzed,and the development process and mechanism of overburden water-conducting fracture zone height and rock fracture angle are discussed.The results show that the change of optical fiber strain curve reveals the deformation process of overburden in each mining stage and the shape of the curve is mainly related to the relative position between the optical fiber and working face and the breaking process of key layers.The strain curve of the vertical optical fiber is stepped,and the boss is located at the junction of the three zones.The change of its position represents the height development process of the collapse zone and fracture zone.The horizontal optical fiber strain curve shows double peaks at the broken line position on both sides of the model,and the spacing changes continuously,indicating that the rock stratum breaking angle changes dynamically in the mining process.The development process of water-conducting fracture zone and rock stratum breaking angle is obtained through optical fiber strain curve.The water-conducting fracture zone finally develops to the surface,and the rock stratum breaking angles on the side of the cut face and working face are 67.6°and 65.8°respectively.The test results can provide a reference for the study of deformation and movement law of overlying strata under similar conditions.

关 键 词：相似模型试验 覆岩变形场 动态发育过程 导水裂隙带 岩层破断角 BOTDA 

分 类 号：TD315[矿业工程—矿井建设]