2011-2019年宁夏回族自治区城市生活饮用水水质变化趋势  

Changing Trend of Urban Drinking Water Quality in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,2011-2019

作　　者：刘凤莲[1] 吴惠忠[1] 杨明 LIU Fenglian;WU Huizhong;YANG Ming

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区疾病预防控制中心,750004

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2021年第6期513-518,共6页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的分析2011—2019年宁夏回族自治区城市生活饮用水水质状况及变化趋势,为提高宁夏回族自治区城市饮用水水质及卫生防护提供科学依据。方法对2011—2019年宁夏回族自治区城市生活饮用水监测结果分析及评价。结果2011—2019年共采集检测水样5916份,达标4084份,平均达标率69.1%。城市生活饮用水达标率从2011年的57.5%提高到2019年的82.4%,差异有统计学意义;9年的城市饮水丰水期达标率由58.3%提高至81.0%,枯水期达标率由56.6%提高至83.8%,呈波动增高趋势,差异均有统计学意义;9年城市饮用水水质在感官性状达标率(87.6%~98.6%)、一般化学指标达标率(68.9%~94.1%)、微生物指标达标率(88.9%~97.8%)、毒理指标达标率(84.1%~93.2%)呈波动上升趋势;9年城市饮用水监测主要不达标指标为氟化物、锰、硫酸盐、总硬度,其不达标率呈下降趋势,差异有统计学意义。结论宁夏回族自治区城市生活饮用水的水质综合达标率呈现升高趋势,应继续加强对生活饮用水的防护与卫生管理。Objective To analyze the quality of urban drinking water and its changing trend in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,from 2011 to 2019,and to provide a scientific basis for improving the water quality and public health protection.Methods Analysis and evaluation were performed on the monitoring results of urban drinking water in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region from 2011 to 2019.Results A total 5916 water samples were collected and examined,among which 4084(69.1%)were qualified.The qualified rates significantly increased from 57.5%in 2011 to 82.4%in 2019.Over 9 years,the urban drinking water had a significantly increased qualified rates in wet season(from 58.3%to 81.0%)and in dry season(from 56.6%to 83.8%),showing a fluctuating trend of rising.Over 9 years,the urban drinking water quality showed a fluctuating trend of rising in sensory properties(87.6%-98.6%),general chemical indicators(68.9%-94.1%),microbial indicators(88.9%-97.8%),and toxicological indicators(84.1%-93.2%).The main unqualified indicators were fluoride,manganese,sulfate,and total hardness during 9 years,which showed a significant downward trend.Conclusion The quality of urban drinking water in Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region shows a rising trend in the overall qualified rates.It is necessary to continue to strengthen the protection and hygiene management of drinking water.

关 键 词：饮用水 水质 分析 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]