轮式拖拉机悬挂农具机组动态纵向稳定性研究  

Research on Dynamic Longitudinal Stability of Tractor Unit

作　　者：张涛[1,2] 廖敏[1,2] 张小军[3] 冯叶陶 陶金京 Zhang Tao;Liao Min;Zhang Xiaojun;Feng Yetao;Tao Jinjing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Xihua University,Cheng-du 610039,China;Modern Agricultural Equipment Research Institute,Xihua University,Cheng-du 610039,China;Sichuan Agricultural Machinery Technology Promotion Station,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]西华大学机械工程学院,成都610039 [2]西华大学现代农业装备研究院,成都610039 [3]四川省农机化技术推广总站,成都610041

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第5期238-244,共7页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：四川省科技厅项目(2019YFN0106,2019YFN0084,2019GFW007)。

摘　　要：为降低轮式拖拉机及其悬挂农具机组在丘陵山地作业时发生翻倾和滑移事故的可能性,对机组动态纵向稳定性进行了研究。首先,基于理论力学分析了机组在匀速上坡、匀速下坡和加速上坡3种不同工况下的动态纵向稳定性,建立了表征机组动态纵向稳定性的翻倾角和滑移角数学模型;然后,通过SolidWorks建立机组的三维实体模型,导入ADAMS中进行相关参数设置和数据处理后得到了机组虚拟样机模型;最后,基于虚拟样机技术进行了机组纵向动态稳定性仿真分析。结果表明:在匀速上、下坡时,机组的极限翻倾角仅与重心位置有关,滑移角取决于路面附着系数以及前后轮轴距;在加速上坡时,机组极限翻倾角与机组重心位置、加速度大小和引力有关,为机组结构参数的合理配置及安全使用提供了参考依据。The dynamic longitudinal stability of tractor unit was studied in terms of safety accidents such as rollover and slippage that may occur when the entire unit of the wheeled tractor and its suspended agricultural implements is working on hilly slopes.First,based on theoretical mechanics,the dynamic longitudinal stability of the unit under different operating conditions such as constant speed uphill,constant speed downhill and acceleration uphill was analyzed,and the mathematical model of longitudinal maximum tilt angle and slip angle characterizing the dynamic longitudinal stability evaluation index of the unit was obtained.Then the three-dimensional solid model of the unit was established through SolidWorks,and the three-dimensional solid model of the unit was imported into ADAMS.After setting the relevant parameters and data processing of the unit,a virtual prototype model of the unit was obtained.Finally,the longitudinal dynamic stability of the unit was simulated and analyzed based on virtual prototype technology.The research results show that the unit’s maximum tilt angle is only related to the position of the center of gravity at constant speed up and down the slope,and the slip angle depends on the road surface adhesion coefficient and the wheelbase of the front and rear wheels;when accelerating uphill,the unit′s maximum tilt angle and the unit′s center of gravity position,acceleration and gravity are related.This paper provides a reference for reasonable configuration and safe use of tractor unit structure parameters.

关 键 词：拖拉机机组纵向稳定性 数学模型 虚拟样机技术 农机安全 

分 类 号：S219.032.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]