人工越冬对日本医蛭繁殖的影响  

Effect of Artificial Overwintering on Reproduction of Hirudo japonica

作　　者：张健 李赫 于翔 龚元 ZHANG Jian;LI He;YU Xiang;GONG Yuan(Freshwater Fisheries Science Academy of Liaoning Province,Liaoyang 111000,China;Jingzhou Minkang Biotechnology Co.,Ltd,Jingzhou 434300,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省淡水水产科学研究院,辽宁辽阳111000 [2]荆州市民康生物科技有限公司,湖北荆州434300

出　　处：《辽东学院学报（自然科学版）》2021年第4期246-251,共6页Journal of Eastern Liaoning University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：辽宁省农业科学院院长基金项目(2019-QN-12)。

摘　　要：随机挑选60条日本医蛭,平均分至1、2号箱,进行第1次越冬试验;在完成越冬和产茧的亲蛭中再随机挑选30条进行第2次越冬繁殖(3号箱),以此研究人工控温越冬对提高日本医蛭的交配繁殖次数及仔蛭质量的影响。研究发现,通过人工控温,可以将日本医蛭越冬期从野外条件下的4个月缩短至1个月,3组平均成活率达98%。产茧前后土黄色生殖环带逐渐消退,1、2号箱平均体质量下降率为(34.65±1.41)%;3号箱为37.40%。产卵期间1、2号箱平均产茧量33枚,卵茧平均质量(0.12±0.04)g,卵茧平均长短径为(1.11±0.18)cm×(0.81±0.16)cm;3号箱平均产茧量24枚,卵茧平均质量0.86 g,卵径为(1.12±0.19)cm×(0.79±0.14)cm。卵茧孵化在(26±1)℃培养箱中进行,2次孵化分别进行了54和51 d。1、2号箱平均孵化率为83.27%,平均孵化仔蛭10.42条/枚,仔蛭平均体质量(0.0051±0.0047)g;3号箱平均孵化率为91.67%,平均孵化仔蛭8.09条/枚,仔蛭平均体质量(0.0054±0.0026)g。研究表明,通过改变越冬条件,缩短越冬期,可使日本医蛭交配、产茧和孵化从1年1繁提高到1年2繁,初步实现了仔蛭的增收增产。Sixty pieces of Hirudo japonica were randomly selected and divided into boxes 1 and 2 on average for the first wintering test.In order to study the effect of artificial temperature control wintering on improving the mating and reproduction frequency and the quality of young leeches,30 leeches were randomly selected from the parent leeches who had completed wintering and cocoon production in box 3.The results showed that the overwintering period of Hirudo japonica could be shortened from 4 months to 1 month by artificial temperature control,and the average survival rate of the three groups was 98%.Before and after cocoon production,the clitellum gradually subsided,and the average mass loss rate of box 1 and 2 was(34.65±1.41)%,and box 3 was 37.40%.During oviposition,the average number of cocoons in box 1 and 2 was 33,the average mass of cocoons was(0.12±0.04)g,the average length and diameter of cocoons was(1.11±0.18)cm,(0.81±0.16)cm,the average number of cocoons in box 3 was 24,the average mass of cocoons was 0.86 g,the average diameter of cocoons was(1.12±0.19)cm,(0.79±0.14)cm.The cocoons were incubated in(26±1)℃in cubator for 37 d(box 1 and 2)and 28 d(box 3),respectively.The average hatching rate,hatched larva leech and larva mass of box 1 and 2 were 83.27%,10.42 per cocoon and(0.0051±0.0047)g;those number of box 3 was 91.67%,8.09 per cocoon and(0.0054±0.0026)g;respectively.The results showed that by changing the overwintering conditions and shortening the overwintering period,the mating,cocoon production and hatching of Hirudo japonica increased from once per year to twice per year.

关 键 词：日本医蛭 人工越冬 二次繁殖 

分 类 号：R28[医药卫生—中药学]