大豆品种牡试2号育种实践及设计育种的思考  

Breeding Practice of A Soybean Variety Mushi No.2 and Thoughts on Design Breeding

作　　者：宗春美[1,2] 赵晋铭 王燕平[1] 齐玉鑫[1] 李文[1] 王磊[1,2] 任海祥[1] 杜维广[1] ZONG Chun-mei;ZHAO Jin-ming;WANG Yan-ping;QI Yu-xin;LI Wen;WANG Lei;REN Hai-xiang;DU Wei-guang(Mudanjiang Branch,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Mudanjiang Soybean Research and Development Center/Mudanjiang Experimental Station of National Soybean Improvement Center,Mudanjiang 157010,China;Soybean Research Institute of Nanjing Agricultural University/National Soybean Improvement Center/Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology and Genetic Breeding of Ministry of Agriculture/National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Innovation,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院/牡丹江大豆研发中心/国家大豆改良中心牡丹江试验站,黑龙江牡丹江157010 [2]南京农业大学大豆研究所/国家大豆改良中心/农业部大豆生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2022年第1期115-118,共4页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室开放课题(ZW201815);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(SS2021C002);黑龙江省农业科学院自然基金培育项目(2018JJPY008);黑龙江省农业科学院杰出青年基金(2020JCQN005);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”专项(HNK2019CX01-7);黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项(2019ZX16B01-9)。

摘　　要：为促进优质大豆品种新品种的选育及推广应用,本文简要介绍了牡试2号的选育过程及特征特性。牡试2号是国家大豆改良中心与黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院合作,以哈北46-1为母本、东生4805为父本,采用改良系谱法保留优异变异,抓住关键性状定向选择育成的大豆新品种。牡试2号具有较好的丰产稳产性、优质、抗病、中早熟、适应性较强,基本实现育种之初对品种的设计理念。在分析牡试2号育成过程的基础上,又提出了黑龙江省大豆设计育种的一些思考,包括大豆育种应重视中间材料的创制、积累及合理利用,提高育种机械化水平,扩大育种群体规模同时提高育种效率,育种应与栽培有机结合,共同为大豆产业服务。In order to promote the breeding and popularization of high-quality soybean varieties,this article briefly introduced the breeding process and characteristics of Mushi No.2.It is a cooperation between the National Soybean Improvement Center and Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences.It used Habei 46-1 as the maternal plant and Dongsheng 4805 as the pollen parent.The improved pedigree method was used to retain excellent mutations,and it was bred by targeted selection for key traits.A new soybean cultivar Mushi No.2 had good high and stable yield,high quality,disease resistance,mid-early maturity,and strong adaptability.It basically realized the design concept of the variety at the beginning of breeding.Based on the analysis of the breeding process of Mushi No.2,some thoughts on soybean design and breeding in Heilongjiang Province were put forward,including soybean breeding should pay attention to the creation,accumulation and rational use of intermediate materials,improve the level of breeding mechanization,expand the scale of breeding groups and increase breeding at the same time efficiency,breeding should be organically combined with cultivation to jointly serve the soybean industry.

关 键 词：大豆 牡试2号 选育 品种设计育种 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]