Evaluation of stereology for snow microstructure measurement and microwave emission modeling:a case study  

作　　者：Jinmei Pan M.T.Durand Z.Courville B.J.Vander Jagt N.P.Molotch S.A.Margulis E.J.Kim M.Schneebeli C.Mätzler 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science,Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,People’s Republic of China [2]School of Earth Science and Byrd Polar Research Center,The Ohio State University,Columbus,OH,USA [3]US Army Corps of Engineers Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory,Hanover,NH,USA [4]Geography Department and Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research,University of Colorado,Boulder,CO,USA [5]Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of California,Los Angeles,CA,USA [6]Hydrospheric and Biospheric Sciences Laboratory,NASA Goddard Space Flight Center,Greenbelt,MD,USA [7]WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF,Davos Dorf,Switzerland [8]Institute of Applied Physics and Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research,University of Bern,Bern,Switzerland

出　　处：《International Journal of Digital Earth》2021年第10期1316-1336,共21页国际数字地球学报（英文）

基　　金：supported by NASA Terrestrial Hydrology Program[grant number NNX09AM10G];Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences[grant number XDA20100300].

摘　　要：Reliablemicrostructuremeasurement of snow is a requirement for microwave radiative transfer model validation.Snow specific surface area(SSA)can be measured using stereological methods,in which snow samples are cast in the field and photographed in the laboratory.Processing stereology photographs manually by counting intersections of test cycloids with air-ice boundaries reduces the problems in binary segmentation.This paper is a case study to evaluate the repeatability of the manually stereology interpretation by two independent research groups.We further assessed how uncertainty in snow SSA influences simulated brightness temperature(TB)driven by the Microwave Emission Model of Layered Snowpacks(MEMLS),and how stereology compares to Near Infrared(NIR)camera and hand lens.Data was obtained from two alpine snow profiles from Steamboat Springs,Colorado.Results showed that stereological SSA values measured by two groups are highly consistent,and the ground radiometer measured T_(B)at 19 and 37 GHz was successfully predicted(RMSE<3.8 K);simulations using NIR SSA and hand-lens geometric grain size(Dg)measurements have larger errors.This conclusion was not sensitive to uncertainty in the free parameters of TB modeling.

关 键 词：Microwave radiometry SNOW STEREOLOGY snow microstructure MEMLS 

分 类 号：TG1[金属学及工艺—金属学]