PWM脉冲波对电机绕组时变特性影响研究  

Research on Influence of PWM Pulse Wave on Time-Varying Characteristics of Motor Windings

作　　者：李丹 刘冠芳 吉永红 郑瑞娟 刘嬿 LI Dan;LIU Guanfang;JI Yonghong;ZHENG Ruijuan;UU Yan(CRRC Yongji Electric Co.,Ltd.,Yongji 044502,China;Shanxi Key Laboratory of Traction Motor for Rail Transit,Yongji 044502,China)

机构地区：[1]中车永济电机有限公司,山西永济044502 [2]轨道交通牵引电机山西省重点实验室,山西永济044502

出　　处：《电机与控制应用》2021年第12期37-42,53,共7页Electric machines & control application

摘　　要：以变频电机定子绕组为研究对象,分析变频器输出的脉宽调制(PWM)脉冲波频率、峰值、上升时间对电机绕组暂态电压分布特性的影响。研究结果显示,频率的增加对电机损耗有直接影响,进而通过损耗影响电压分布,频率和损耗的增加对绕组对地电压与匝间电压幅值都有一定的抑制作用。随着尖峰系数的增大,各线圈对地电压幅值都有所增加,且最大对地电压幅值位置由靠近中性点转移至电机端。尖峰系数对匝间电压分布影响相对较小,匝间电压的变化范围在60-75 V之间,不同尖峰系数下匝间电压分布均匀。脉冲上升沿时间对电压分布影响较大,随着脉冲上升沿时间的减少,对地电压及匝间电压成线性增加。上升沿时间对匝间电压幅值及分布的均匀程度起着决定性的影响。Taking the stator winding of variable frequency motor as the research object, the effects of the frequency, peak value and rise time of the pulse width modulation(PWM) pulse wave output by converter on the transient voltage distribution characteristics of motor windings are analyzed. The results show that the increase of frequency has a direct impact on the motor loss, and then affects the voltage distribution through the loss. The increase of frequency and loss has a certain inhibitory effect on the amplitudes of voltage to ground and turn to turn voltage. With the increase of peak coefficient, the amplitude of voltage to ground of each coil increases, and the position of the maximum amplitude is transferred from near the neutral point to the motor end. The influence of the peak value on the turn to turn voltage distribution is relatively small. The variation range of the turn to turn voltage is 60~75 V, and the turn to turn voltage is evenly distributed under different peak coefficients. The rise time of the pulse has a great influence on the voltage distribution. With the decrease of the rise time of the pulse, the voltage to ground and turn to turn voltage increase linearly. Especially, the rise time has a decisive influence on the amplitude and the distribution uniformity of the turn to turn voltage.

关 键 词：PWM脉冲波 变频电机 暂态电压 

分 类 号：TM46[电气工程—电器]