生物复合肥对油茶苗木生长及土壤微生态的影响  

Effect of bio-compound fertilizer on the growth of Camellia oleifera and soil microecology

作　　者：彭江涛 周国英[1] 蒋越西 刘君昂[1] PENG Jiang-tao;ZHOU Guo-ying;JIANG Yue-xi;LIU Jun-ang(Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Control of Artificial Forest Diseases and Pests in South China,Provincial Key Laboratory for Control of Forest Diseases and Pests,Key Laboratory for Non-wood Forest Cultivation and Conservation of Ministry of Education,College of Life Science and Technology/Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha Hunan 410004)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学/南方人工林病虫害防控国家林业和草原局重点实验室,森林有害生物防控湖南省重点实验室,经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,生命科学与技术学院,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2021年第6期137-142,共6页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：湖南省林业科技创新资金项目(XLK202101-2);十三五国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0600103-3)。

摘　　要：针对大部分油茶林产投比不高的问题,利用从油茶根际土壤中分离纯化出的高效固氮、解磷、解钾菌(YC-NK03、YC-NK04、YC-NK05、YC-NK07、YC-P05、YC-P06)制成菌糠菌肥与化学肥料混合施用,探究生物复合肥对油茶和土壤微生态的影响以及菌肥、化肥最佳配比。盆栽结果显示,T3组(60%菌糠菌肥+40%化学肥料)对油茶的促生效果和微生态变化显著。与施用前相比,T3组的苗高、地径增加了108.64%、45.62%,土壤微生物总量、土壤有机质、水解N、有效P、速效K含量分别增加了70.41%、83.26%、101.55%、118.44%、18.63%。林间试验结果表明,肥料种类与用量对土壤pH无显著影响;虽然各试验组的树高和地径均有不同程度的增加,但效果最佳的是HJC组(化肥、菌肥用量配比2∶3)。本研究为改良土壤微生态环境和土壤肥力,提高油茶产量提供了科学依据。In order to solve the problem of low yield and high input of most Camellia oleifera plantations,the high-efficiency nitrogen fixing bacteria,potassium bacteria and phosphorus dissolving bacteria(YC-NK03,YC-NK04,YC-NK05,YC-NK07,YC-P05,YC-P06)were isolated and purified from the rhizosphere soil of Camellia oleifera and were used as bacterial fertilizer and mixed with chemical fertilizer,and the effect of bio-compound fertilizer on Camellia oleifera and soil microecology and the optimal ratio were explored.The results of pot experiment showed that T3 group(60%nushroom bran fertihier+40%chemical fertilizer)had significant effect on promoting the growth of Camellia oleifera and soil microecology.Compared with the control group,the seedling height and ground diameter of T3 group increased by 108.64%and 45.62%,respectively,The total microbial biomass,organic matter content and hydrolyzed N,available P and available K of soil increased by 70.41%,83.26%,101.55%,118.44%and 18.63%,respectively.The results of forest field experiment showed that the type and amount of fertilizer had no significant effect on soil pH.The seedling height and ground diameter of each experimental group increased in varying degrees,but the effect of HJC(The ratio of chemical fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer is 2∶3)group was the best.This study provided a scientific basis for improving soil microecological environment and soil fertility and increasing Camellia oleifera yield.

关 键 词：土壤微生态 油茶 生物复合肥 

分 类 号：S794.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种] S714.3[农业科学—林学]