喷洒不同除臭剂对育肥羊粪便氨气的去除规律研究  

Removal of Ammonia Gas from Fattening Sheep Feces by Spraying Different Deodorants

作　　者：赵娟娟 谷晓杨 车大璐 王超 赵寿培 刘连超 赵娜[1] 高玉红[1] ZHAO Juanjuan;GU Xiaoyang;CHE Dalu;WANG Chao;ZHAO Shoupei;LIU Lianchao;ZHAO Na;GAO Yuhong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding,Hebei 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学动物科技学院,河北保定071001 [2]河北农业大学动物医学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2022年第1期59-64,共6页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：河北省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(s202010086011);河北省现代农业产业技术体系羊产业创新团队建设专项(HBCT2018140205);河北省重点研发计划项目(20326612D)。

摘　　要：旨在研究喷洒3种除臭剂对育肥羊前期粪便(干粪)和后期粪便(稀粪)的氨气(NH_(3))去除效果。采用摸拟密闭羊舍粪便NH_(3)自然排放的方法,检测7 d喷洒周期两种微生物除臭剂(腐熟发酵剂和污水处理剂)和一种植物提取液对NH_(3)的去除率。对于育肥后期粪便,与中、高剂量腐熟发酵剂比较,低剂量发酵剂除NH_(3)效果最好,喷洒第3~7天的NH_(3)浓度显著降低(P<0.05),其中第4天NH_(3)去除率最高,达45.25%;喷洒污水处理剂的NH_(3)浓度仅第4天显著降低(P<0.05),去除率仅19.96%。对于育肥前期粪便,低、中和高剂量发酵剂均于第2天除NH_(3)效果最好(P<0.05),去除率分别达43.99%、35.07%和37.23%,随着时间延长,NH_(3)去除率下降;污水处理剂于第3天的除NH_(3)效果最好,去除率达27.82%,于第6天后出现负值。从植物提取液除NH_(3)效果分析,两种粪便均于第1天除NH_(3)效果最好,随着喷洒天数的增加,NH_(3)去除率降低,且从全天不同时间点(09:00、12:00、15:00、18:00和21:00)看,育肥前期和后期粪便分别于15:00和12:00时的除NH_(3)效果最好(P<0.05)。总之,喷洒3种除臭剂均有除NH_(3)作用,但喷洒低剂量的腐熟发酵剂效果最好。The paper aims to study the effect of spraying three kinds of deodorants on ammonia gas(NH_(3))emission of feces from early fattening and late fattening sheep.Using the method of simulating natural discharge of NH_(3) in closed sheep house,NH_(3) removal rate from two kinds of microbial deodorants(decomposed fermentation agent and sewage treatment agent)and a plant extracting solution were investigated for 7 days.For feces in late fattening period,the low-dose decomposed fermentation agent had better effect on NH_(3) removal compared with the medium-and high-dose agent.The NH_(3) concentration reduced significantly(P<0.05)from d 3 to d7 at low-dose agent,particularly on d4,the removal rate of NH_(3) was the highest(45.25%).In addition,the NH_(3) concentration for spraying sewage treatment agent only reduced(P<0.05)on d4 with a removal rate of 19.96%.For feces in early fattening period,the NH_(3) removal effect for all doses of fermentation agents was the best(P<0.05)on d2,with 43.99%,35.07%and 37.23%of removal rate at low-,medium-and high-dose,respectively,and with the extension of spraying time,the removal rate decreased.Also,the sewage treatment agent demonstrated that the removal effect of NH_(3) was the best on d3,with a removal rate of 27.82%and a negative value after d6.From NH_(3) removal effect of plant extraction,the NH_(3) removal effect was the best on d1 for two feces among 7 days,and the removal rate decreased with the spraying days.Moreover,among different time periods(09:00,12:00,15:00,18:00 and 21:00),the best removal effect was observed at 15:00 for early fattening feces and late fattening feces at 12:00(P<0.05).In summary,spraying three kinds of deodorants could decrease NH_(3) emission,and low dose of decomposed fermentation agent has the best effect among all deodorants.

关 键 词：羊粪 除臭剂 氨气 环境 

分 类 号：S826.9[农业科学—畜牧学]