我国机械化移栽自动分苗取苗技术研究现状  

Current Development of Automatic Seedling Separation and Pick-up Techniques for Mechanical Transplantation in China

作　　者：玄冠涛[1,2] 韩军伟 邵园园 王公仆[3] 张涛 高冲 Xuan Guantao;Han Junwei;Shao Yuanyuan;Wang Gongpu;Zhang Tao;Gao Chong(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai′an 271018,China;Shandong Intelligent Engineering Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment,Tai'an 271018,China;Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学机械与电子工程学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省农业装备智能化工程实验室,山东泰安271018 [3]农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《农机化研究》2022年第3期10-15,共6页Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31671632,31701325)。

摘　　要：由于自动分苗取苗技术的限制,全自动移栽机发展缓慢,现有机具造价高、通用性差,无法满足我国的实际需求,难以大规模推广应用。为此,首先,介绍了目前国内钵苗与裸苗自动分苗取苗技术发展状况,按照分苗取苗方式的不同,将钵苗自动取苗装置分为顶杆式、夹取式、气力式、组合式和链带式等,将裸苗自动分苗取苗装置分为链带式、外槽轮式、气力式、振动式和夹取式等;然后,分析了我国在自动分苗取苗技术中存在的问题,并对我国自动分苗取苗技术的发展趋势进行了探讨。Due to the limitation of automatic seedling separation and pick-up techniques,the development of full-automatic transplanter is slow with the high cost and poor adaptability.It cannot meet the practical requirements and be applied on a large scale.In this paper,current developments are discussed regarding to seedling separation and pick-up device in China.According to working principle,pick-up devices for plug seedlings can be classified as ejector type,clamp type,pneumatic type,combined type and chain or tape type,and separation and pick-up devices for naked seedlings can be divided into chain or tape type,outer groove wheel type,pneumatic type,vibration type and clamp type.Furthermore,the existing problems are analysed and the development trends are put forward to improve the automation and intelligence of seedling separation and pick-up device in China.

关 键 词：分苗取苗装置 钵苗 裸苗 机械化移栽 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]