高性能自修复水性聚氨酯制备及性能  

Preparation and Performances of High-performance Self-healing Waterborne Polyurethane

作　　者：谢昊圃 武浩浩 田新欣 孙莹潞 盛德鲲[1] 刘向东[1] 杨宇明[1,2] Xie Haopu;Wu Haohao;Tian Xinxin;Sun Yinglu;Sheng Dekun;Liu Xiangdong;Yang Yuming(CAS Key Laboratory of High-Performance Synthetic Rubber and its Composite Materials,Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130022,China;University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Xi'an North Huian Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高性能合成橡胶及其复合材料重点实验室,长春130022 [2]中国科学技术大学,合肥230026 [3]西安北方惠安化学工业有限公司,西安710300

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2022年第1期1-5,59,共6页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(22175171)。

摘　　要：首先将自制的5-(2-羟乙基)-6-甲基-2-氨基脲嘧啶(UPy)作为扩链剂与聚四氢呋喃(PTMG)、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)进行预聚,然后将预聚物与亲水性扩链剂2,2-二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)反应进行扩链,利用“丙酮法”制备了一种高性能自修复水性聚氨酯材料。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱对制备的材料进行结构表征,并且通过动态热力学分析仪、热重分析仪以及拉力试验机对材料的热稳定性和力学性能进行表征。结果表明,制备的材料在200℃以下都有着良好的热稳定性。基于UPy二聚体之间的四重氢键作用,通过调节UPy与DMPA的物质的量之比为2∶3,可得到最佳的拉伸强度,为32.8 MPa,断裂能达到150.12 MJ/m^(3)。当材料受损后,只需在其断面滴加极少量乙醇,然后在室温条件下放置12 h,可使材料修复后的拉伸强度达到28.4 MPa,修复效率为87%。First,the self-made 5-(2-hydroxyethyl)-6-methyl-2-semiuracil(UPy)was used as a chain extender to prepolymerize with polytetrahydrofuran(PTMG)and isophorone diisocyanate(IPDI).After prepolymerization,the prepolymer was reacted with the hydrophilic chain extender 2,2-dimethylolpropionic acid(DMPA)for chain extension,and a high-performance self-repairing water-based polyurethane material was prepared by the"acetone method".The structure of the prepared material was characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy,hydrogen nuclear magnetic spectroscopy,and the dynamic thermodynamic analyzer,thermal weight loss analyzer and universal stretching machine were used to characterize the thermal stability and mechanical properties of the material.The results show that the prepared materials have good thermal stability below 200°C.Based on the quadruple hydrogen bonds between UPy dimers,the best tensile strength can be achieved and reach 32.8 MPa,and the fracture energy can reach 150.12 MJ/m^(3) by adjusting the molar ratio of UPy to DMPA to 2∶3.After the material is damaged,only a small amount of ethanol needs to be dropped on the section,and then the material is placed at room temperature for 12 hours,the tensile strength of the material after repairing can reach 28.4 MPa,and the repair efficiency is 87%.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 四重氢键作用 高性能 自修复 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]