山东中部‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄冻害调查及应对措施  

Freezing Injury Investigation and Coping Strategies of Grapevine cv.'Shine Muscat'in Central Shandong

作　　者：姜雪连 赵月玲[1] 管雪强 郑胜杰 刘晓阳 赵日江 孟苓 刘琳娟 杨晓 王泽琪 张志昌 JIANG Xuelian;ZHAO Yueling;GUAN Xueqiang;ZHENG Shengjie;LIU Xiaoyang;ZHAO Rijiang;MENG Ling;LIU linjuan;YANG Xiao;WANG Zeqi;ZHANG Zhichang(Weifang College/Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology in the University of Shandong,Weifang 261000,China;Shandong Academy of Grape,Jinan 250100,China;Weifang Shengjun Estate Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 261100,China;Zhucheng Meixiangyuan Agricultural Development Co.,Ltd.,Weifang 262200,China;Shandong Zhichang Agricultural Technology Development Co.,Ltd.,Rizhao 276599)

机构地区：[1]潍坊学院/山东省高校生物化学与分子生物学重点实验,山东潍坊261000 [2]山东省葡萄研究院,山东济南250100 [3]潍坊昇君庄园有限公司,山东潍坊261100 [4]诸城梅香园农业发展有限公司,山东潍坊262200 [5]山东志昌农业科技发展股份有限公司,日照276599

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2022年第1期53-57,共5页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(Z20111000800000);潍坊市科技发展计划(2020ZJ1048);山东省农业重大应用创新项目。

摘　　要：为调查冬季低温对山东地区‘阳光玫瑰’葡萄的影响,结合2021年1月6日至8日的极端低温天气,选取5个设施农业园区进行灌水、喷水和熏烟处理,调查冻害发生率和枝条萌芽率。结果表明,葡萄芽眼冻害有4种:仅主芽冻死、主侧芽全部冻死、部分侧芽冻死、主芽及部分侧芽冻死,其中仅主芽冻死的比例最高。葡萄芽眼受冻率与枝条成熟度和棚型有关,枝条成熟度越好,冻害越低;拱棚冻害发生率显著低于连栋塑料棚。棚内进行熏烟、灌水、枝条喷水均可降低葡萄冻害程度,其中灌水和枝条喷水效果明显。Use the occasion of the serious cold snap from January 6 to 8,2021,five commercial vineyards were investigated freezing injury of grapevine cv.'Shine Muscat'in Shandong central region and relevant impact factors.Fire smoking,flood irrigation and branch water spraying were conducted,rate of freezing injury and bud breaking were investigated.The results showed that four types of freezing injury were found,including primary bud injury only,primary bud and parts of secondary bud injury,parts of secondary bud injuryand whole bud injury.Primary bud had the highest percentage among all types of freezing injury.The freezing injury ratio was related to the maturity of branch and the type of shed,the higher soluble sugar and starch content in the branches implied the better maturity of branches,and resulted in the lower freezing injury ratio.Compared to the vine under single-span plastic shed,the vine under multi-span plastic expresses higher freezing injury ratio.Fire smoking,flood irrigation and branches water spraying could reduce the freezing injury ratio,as well as flood irrigation and branches water spraying resulted better performance.

关 键 词：阳光玫瑰 冻害 枝条成熟度 应对措施 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学] S426[农业科学—园艺学]