中国农业科技水平的时空演变、区域关联及其经济协同发展效应——以省域公立农业科研机构为例  

The Spatial and Temporal Evolution,Regional Correlations and Economic Coordinated Development Effect for Chinese Agricultural Science and Technology Level:Taking Provincial Public Agriculture Research Institutions as an Example

作　　者：岳慧丽[1] 张昭 张蕙杰[1] 刘升平[1] 张杰[1] YUE HuiLi;ZHANG Zhao;ZHANG HuiJie;LIU ShengPing;ZHANG Jie(Agricultural Information Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijng 100081;Development Center for Science and Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100122)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所,北京100081 [2]农业农村部科技发展中心,北京100122

出　　处：《中国农业科学》2021年第24期5251-5265,共15页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-08)。

摘　　要：【目的】长期来看,农业科技与农业经济应保持一种动态互促的良性协同发展趋势,才更有利于加快现代农业的发展。深入考察省域公立农业科研机构科技水平的时空演化和空间分布特征,及其与区域经济的协同发展情况,有助于正确认识各省之间农业科技与农业经济的协同发展机制并剖析导致农业科技与农业经济协同发展程度弱的潜在原因,探索进一步提高省域农业科研机构科技水平,解决农业科技与农业经济“两张皮”问题的路径。【方法】基于农业科研人员规模、专利授权量、论文发表数量3项指标,利用GIS空间分析、可视化技术和探索性空间数据分析方法研究2008—2018年我国省域农业科研机构科技产出的时空演化趋势及空间分布特征,并揭示省域农业科技与农业经济的协同发展情况。【结果】10年间我国省域公立农业科研机构的科技产出从中东部沿海省份向周围逐渐降低,多数省份农业科研机构专利授权量增长趋势显著,论文发表数量和科研人员数量整体增长趋势不明显;从空间分布特征来看,省域农业科研机构的科技产出虽然呈现出局部空间自相关特征,但整体未形成规模化的空间集聚效应;省域农业科技与农业经济协同发展程度方面,山东、江苏、广东、福建等东部沿海地区协同发展程度较好,中部地区协同发展程度一般,整个西北、西南及东北大部分省区农业科技与农业经济协同发展程度较弱。据此,从提高农业科研机构科技创新水平,加强区域农业科技与经济的协同发展方面提出了有关政策建议。【结论】省域农业科研机构的科技水平从中东部沿海向周围省份逐渐降低,具有空间异质性,未形成规模化的空间集聚效应;省域农业科研机构的科技水平与省域农业经济水平的协同发展程度整体偏低;需要加快构筑农业科技与农业经济协同发展的空�【Objective】In the long run,agricultural science&technology and agricultural economics should show a dynamic and mutually beneficial collaborative development trend,which is more conducive to accelerating the development of modern agriculture.To study further the spatial and temporal evolution trends and spatial distribution characteristics of science and technology development of pubic agriculture research institutions,and the coordinated development condition between agricultural science&technology and regional economics,contributes to correctly understand the coordinated development mechanism of agricultural science&technology innovation and regional economy among provinces,and analyze the potential reasons for the poor coordinated development degree of agricultural science&technology and agricultural economy,and explore to find the way to improve the agricultural science&technology innovation level and resolve the problem of“wide gap between agriculture S&T and agriculture economy”.【Method】Based on numbers of agricultural researchers,the patent grants and numbers of published papers,the GIS technology and ESDA methods are applied for the study of spatial and temporal evolution trends and spatial distribution characteristics of science and technology output by provincial public agriculture research institutions,and coordinated development condition between agricultural science&technology and agricultural economics is revealed.【Result】The results show that:During ten years,the science and technology output of provincial public agriculture research institutions are decreasing gradually from the eastern coastal areas to the surroundings;the patent grants are increasing obviously for most provincial agriculture research institutions,while the quantity growth of publication of papers and the agricultural researchers are indistinctive.From the perspective of spatial distribution characteristics,notwithstanding the science and technology output of provincial public agriculture research institutions pre

关 键 词：农业科研机构 省域 农业科技 探索性空间数据分析 协同发展 

分 类 号：F324.3[经济管理—产业经济] F323.3[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU244.4