犁体耕作阻力模型仿真分析与试验研究  

Simulated analysis and experimental study on plough tillage resistance model

作　　者：刘进宝 郑炫[1] 孟祥金[1] 杨怀君[1] 张鲁云[1] 李清超 LIU Jinbao;ZHENG Xuan;MENG Xiangjin;YANG Huaijun;ZHANG Luyun;LI Qingchao(Machinery Equipment Research Institute, Xinjiang Academy of Agriculturaland Reclamation Science , Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000 , China;School ofMechanical and Electrical Engineering, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832000)

机构地区：[1]新疆农垦科学院机械装备研究所,新疆石河子832000 [2]石河子大学机械电气工程学院,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2022年第1期264-274,共11页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：新疆农垦科学院院级科技计划项目(2020YJ012);石河子市中青年科技创新骨干人才(2021RC01);新疆生产建设兵团区域创新引导计划(2021BB015);新疆生产建设兵团重大科技项目(2017AA004)。

摘　　要：为进一步提高犁体耕作性能,分析影响犁体耕作阻力的因素,基于摩尔-库仑土壤剪切理论,建立了包含犁体结构参数、土壤物理特性和犁体工作参数的耕作阻力模型,耕作阻力表达式包含了犁铲尖和犁铧切削土壤阻力、土壤在犁壁上产生的摩擦力和翻垡过程土壤动量变化产生的阻力、犁壁翻垡使土壤势能增加产生的阻力、作用在犁铧和犁壁上的横向力产生的摩擦力、土壤横向运动对犁壁产生的阻力。基于新疆玉米地土壤物理特性,建立了两种高速犁体A和B的耕作阻力方程,在不同耕宽(0.35、0.42 m)、耕深(0.255、0.305 m)和耕速(2.22、2.5、2.78 m·s^(-1))作业条件下对耕作阻力进行了理论、仿真和试验研究,分析了犁体耕作阻力的影响因素,结果表明,仿真值与计算值的平均误差为3.37%,试验值与计算值的平均误差为7.18%,试验值与仿真值的平均误差为3.71%。犁体耕作阻力与铧刃角呈非线性增长关系;与耕深呈三次函数增长关系;与耕速呈二次函数增长关系;犁体耕作过程的功率消耗与耕速呈三次函数的增长关系。提出设置合理的安全系数(sf),使拖拉机配套功率Ps=sfP,进而优化选配合适的配套动力,提升犁具与拖拉机动力型号的最佳匹配。In order to further improve the plough performance and analyze the factors affecting plough resistance,a plough resistance model including plough structure parameters,soil physical properties and plough working parameters was established based on the Mohr-Coulomb soil shear theory.The tillage resistance equations of two high-speed plough A and B were established based on the soil physical characteristics of corn field in Xinjiang.The theoretical,simulation and experimental studies on tillage resistance were carried out under different tillage width(0.35 m,0.42 m),depth(0.255 m,0.305 m)and tillage speed(2.22 m·s-1,2.5 m·s^(-1),2.78 m·s^(-1)).The effects of plough structure parameters on tillage resistance were analyzed.The average error between simulation value and calculation value was 3.37%,the average error between test value and calculation value was 7.18%,and the average error between test value and simulation value was 3.71%.The plough resistance increased nonlinearly with the cutting-edge angle.The relationship between tillage resistance and tillage depth was a cubic function.The relationship between tillage resistance and tillage speed was quadratic function.The relationship between power consumption and tillage speed was a cubic function.A reasonable safety factor was proposed.and then optimized the matching power and improved the plough and tractor power model of the best match.

关 键 词：犁体 耕作阻力 理论模型 仿真 

分 类 号：S222.1[农业科学—农业机械化工程]