昆明地区月季黑斑病发生规律及抗性评价  

Occurrence Regularity and Resistance Evaluation of Black Spot Disease of Rose in Kunming

作　　者：宋杰[1] 郑天锐 张艺萍[1] 李世峰[1] 许凤[1] 王继华[1] 张颢[1] 瞿素萍[1] SONG Jie;ZHENG Tianrui;ZHANG Yiping;LI Shifeng;XU Feng;WANG Jihua;ZHANG Hao;QU Suping(Flower Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture,Key Laboratory of Yunnan Flower Breeding,Kunming 650205,China;College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院花卉研究所,国家观赏园艺工程技术研究中心,云南省花卉育种重点实验室,云南昆明650205 [2]四川大学生命科学学院,四川成都610064

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期47-53,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：云南省国际合作项目(2018IA049);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(2019ZG006);云岭产业技术领军人才培养计划(张颢)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选适合昆明地区园林应用的抗黑斑病庭院月季品种,并研究其发病规律。【方法】采用田间鉴定法对46个外引月季品种7—10月黑斑病发生的病情指数进行调查,结合月季的类型、花色、花香型、叶色和叶光泽度等指标分析月季表型与黑斑病发生的相关性。【结果】昆明地区月季黑斑病发病情况比较严重,7月底—9月中旬病情指数呈上升趋势,9月中旬达到发病高峰,9月中旬以后病情指数下降。月季黑斑病病情随降雨量的增加而加重,并且在气温20.10~23.30℃之间发病较快。丰花月季、白色系月季、微香型月季及叶表面光泽度强的月季品种抗病性较强。46个外引月季品种中,有10个高抗品种,7个中抗品种,6个低抗品种,没有对黑斑病免疫的品种。【结论】月季黑斑病在高湿环境中发展迅速,其发病与湿度和温度变化均有一定关系。筛选出粉色绝代佳人、塞维利亚加、肖蒙花园节、藤本塞维利亚、委拉斯克斯、黄色龙沙宝石、可爱粉美地兰、樱桃伯尼卡、冰美地兰和魔法美地兰等10个对黑斑病高抗的庭院月季品种。研究结果可为昆明等滇中地区庭院月季的推广应用提供参考。[Purpose]To screen out black spot resistant rose varieties suitable for garden application in Kunming area,and to study the regularity of its incidence.[Methods]The field identification method was used to investigate the disease index of the black spot disease of 46 imported rose varieties from July to October.And combined with the type,flower color,floral fragrance,leaf color,leaf gloss and other indexes of rose to analyze its correlation with the occurrence of black spot disease.[Results]The incidence of rose black spot disease was relatively serious.From the end of Ju-ly to mid-September,the disease index showed an upward trend,reached its peak in mid-September,and decreased after mid-September.With the increase of rainfall,rose black spot became more serious,and the onset of the disease was rapid between 20.1-23.3℃.The disease resistance of rose varieties with abundant flowers,white roses,slightly fragrant roses and strong leaf surface gloss were strong.Among the 46 introduced rose varieties,there were 10 high-resistant varieties,seven me-dium-resistant varieties,six low-resistant varieties,varieties without immunity to black spot disease.[Conclusion]Rose black spot disease develops rapidly in a high-humidity environment,and the change of humidity and temperature can cause the disease changes.Ten garden rose varieties with high resistance to black spot disease are selected:Pink Knock Out^(®),La Sevillana^(®)Plus,Festival Des Jardins De,Clg La Sevillana^(®),Velasquez^(®),Clg Yellow Eden Rose^(®),Lovely Pink Meidiland^(®),Cherry Bonica^(®),Ice Meidiland^(®)and Magic Meidiland^(®).The study result can provide reference for the pop-ularization and application of garden rose in Kunming area and other areas in Central Yunnan.

关 键 词：现代月季 黑斑病 引种栽培 抗病性 病情指数 

分 类 号：S685.12[农业科学—观赏园艺]