滇西白僵菌对草地贪夜蛾的毒力及其农田消长动态  

Virulence of Beauveria to Spodoptera frugiperda in Western Yunnan and Its Dynamics in Fields

作　　者：陈自宏[1] 张鸭关[2] 徐玲[1] 何謦成 CHEN Zihong;ZHANG Yaguan;XU Ling;HE Qingcheng(Institute of Biological Resources of Gaoligong Mountains,Baoshan University,Baoshan 678000,China;College of Chemistry and Environmental Science,Qujing Normal University,Qujing 655011,China;Editorial Department of Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]保山学院高黎贡山生物资源研究所,云南保山678000 [2]曲靖师范学院化学化工学院,云南曲靖655011 [3]云南农业大学学报编辑部,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第1期69-74,共6页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学地区基金项目(32060638);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才项目(陈自宏);云南省高校滇西昆虫资源保护与利用重点实验室建设项目(2017FH001-126)。

摘　　要：【目的】筛选对草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)毒力较高的白僵菌(Beauveria)菌株,为草地贪夜蛾的生态防控提供真菌资源储备;通过球孢白僵菌(B.bassiana)的田间调查,为了解农田生态系统中白僵菌的自然发生状况奠定基础。【方法】用爬行接种法测定来自保山市、怒江州和大理州的10种共计15株白僵菌菌株对草地贪夜蛾3龄幼虫的毒力,并分析保山市4种农田生态系统(咖啡园、茶园、玉米田和烟田)中球孢白僵菌的月间消长动态。【结果】15株白僵菌对草地贪夜蛾的毒力有差异,毒力最低的菌株致死率仅为10%,毒力较强的9株菌株致死率达100%;但这9株菌株的致死速度不同,全致死时间为4.4~15.7 d,半致死时间(LT_(50))为2.3~10.3 d,其中毒力最强的菌株为来自保山潞江坝怒江江边沙滩的菌株BUB12(全致死时间=4.4 d,LT_(50)=2.3 d),其次为来自保山腾冲烟田的菌株BUB8(全致死时间=5.8 d,LT_(50)=2.5 d)。4种农田土壤中全年均有球孢白僵菌分布,夏季检出菌株最多;多年生作物农田(茶园和咖啡园)中白僵菌的数量高于一年生作物农田(玉米田和烟田)。【结论】白僵菌菌株BUB12和BUB8对草地贪夜蛾的毒杀效果最好,具有较大的应用潜力。[Purpose]Beauveria strain with higher virulence against Spodoptera frugiperda was screened to provide the fungal resource reserve for the ecological prevention and control of S.frugiperda;field investigation on B.bassiana was done to lay the foundation for the understanding the natural occurring situation of Beauveria in field ecosystem.[Method]The virulence of 10 Beauveria species,totally 15 strains,from Baoshan City,Nujiang Prefecture and Dali Prefecture,were tested by crawling infection way.The dynamics of B.bassiana in a year in four types of field ecosys-tems(coffee garden,tea garden,corn field and tobacco field)in Baoshan was analyzed.[Results]The virulence of 15 Beauveria strains to S.frugiperda was different.The strain with the lowest virulence caused only 10%mortality rate.There were nine strains with higher virulence caus-ing 100%mortality rate,while their lethality speed were different,total lethal time being 4.4-15.7 days,LT_(50) being 2.3-10.3 days.Thereinto,the strain BUB12 from Nujiang river beach of Lujiangba in Baoshan had the highest virulence(total lethal time=4.4 d,LT_(50)=2.3 d),and the strain BUB8 from a tobacco field of Tengchong in Baoshan had the second highest virulence(total lethal time=5.8 d,LT_(50)=2.5 d).B.bassiana were distributed throughout the entire year in all the four types of field soil and the highest strains number was detected in summer.The quantities of B.bassiana in perennial crops fields(tea garden and coffee garden)were higher than the annual crop fields(corn field and to-bacco field).[Conclusion]B.bassiana strain BUM12 and BUM8 had the best virulent effect against S.frugiperda and had greater application potential.

关 键 词：保山市 白僵菌 草地贪夜蛾 毒力 消长动态 

分 类 号：S476.13[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]