中国煤制氢CCUS技术改造的碳足迹评估  

Carbon footprint assessment of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen technology combined with CCUS in China

作　　者：张贤[1] 许毛 徐冬 仲平[1] 彭雪婷 樊静丽[2] ZHANG Xian;XU Mao;XU Dong;ZHONG Ping;PENG Xueting;FAN Jingli(Administrative Center for China’s Agenda 21,Ministry of Science and Technology,Beijing 100038,China;Center for Sustainable Development and Energy Policy Research,School of Energy&Mining Engineering,China Univer-sity of Mining&Technology,Beijing 100083,China;China Energy New Energy Technology Research Institute,Beijing 102209,China)

机构地区：[1]中国21世纪议程管理中心,北京100038 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)能源与矿业学院可持续发展与能源政策研究中心,北京100083 [3]国家能源集团新能源技术研究院有限公司,北京102209

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2021年第12期1-11,共11页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“多重博弈视角下碳捕集、利用与封存(CCUS)项目投资决策建模与政策研究”(批准号:71874193)。

摘　　要：氢能作为一种清洁、高热值、来源广的新型能源,已被广泛认为是全球能源系统低碳化转型的重要能量载体。目前其他制氢工艺在技术和成本方面仍受制约,煤制氢将是中国未来较长一段时间内的主要氢源,而碳捕集利用与封存(CCUS)技术是实现低碳煤制氢的关键技术选择。考虑到CCUS技术的额外能耗和碳捕集的不完全性等特点,煤制氢CCUS技术全流程仍将产生不同程度的碳排放,但相关评估较少。文章从全流程分析的角度评估和比较煤制氢CCUS技术改造的碳足迹,研究结果表明:①煤制氢全流程碳足迹为17.47~29.78 kg CO_(2)/kg H_(2),CCUS技术改造后,碳足迹可降至2.17~8.91 kg CO_(2)/kg H_(2);②从全流程角度看,CCUS技术对煤制氢的减排贡献约为80.6%;③煤制氢能源转化效率及CCUS技术额外能耗是影响煤制氢碳足迹的关键因素。未来应加强煤制氢CCUS技术改造的研发和推广,以降低CCUS能耗并进一步提高煤制氢的能源效率。研究结论为中国低碳化氢能发展提供决策参考,对碳中和目标下的能源转型具有一定的指导意义。As a new type of energy with carbon⁃free,clean,high calorific value and various sources,hydrogen has been widely regard⁃ed as an important energy carrier for the low⁃carbon transition of the global energy system.Hydrogen from coal will be the main hydro⁃gen source in the early and middle stages of China’s hydrogen development because other hydrogen production technologies are still re⁃stricted in terms of technology maturity and cost,while carbon capture,utilization and storage(CCUS)technology is the key option to re⁃alize coal⁃to⁃hydrogen with low carbon emissions.Due to the additional energy consumption caused by CCUS and the incompleteness of carbon capture,coal⁃to⁃hydrogen with CCUS technology is still accompanied by carbon emissions from the full⁃chain perspective.How⁃ever,relevant assessments are still insufficient.Given this situation,the carbon footprint of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen with CCUS in China was evaluated from a full⁃chain perspective in this study,and the results showed that:①The full⁃chain carbon footprint of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen in China was 17.47~29.78 kg CO_(2)/kg H2,which could be reduced to 2.17~8.91 kg CO_(2)/kg H_(2) with CCUS technology;②CCUS tech⁃nology could reduce the carbon emissions from coal⁃to⁃hydrogen by 80.6%from the full⁃chain perspective;③Energy efficiency of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen and additional energy consumption caused by CCUS were key factors affecting the carbon footprint of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen.In the future,the Chinese government and relevant enterprises should put efforts to the research and deployment of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen with CCUS to reduce the energy penalty of CCUS and increase the energy efficiency of coal⁃to⁃hydrogen.The conclusions of this work could provide a decision⁃making reference for the low⁃carbon hydrogen development in China and also have guiding significance for the ener⁃gy transition under the goal of carbon neutrality.

关 键 词：煤制氢 碳足迹 碳捕集利用与封存 全流程评价 

分 类 号：C939[经济管理—管理学]