公众对美丽中国建设水平的满意度  

Public satisfaction with the implementation of the Beautiful China Initiative

作　　者：王蓉[1] 赵雪雁[1] 高峰[2] 宋晓谕[2] 王宝[2] 王鹏龙[2] 牛艺博 黄春林[3] WANG Rong;ZHAO Xueyan;GAO Feng;SONG Xiaoyu;WANG Bao;WANG Penglong;NIU Yibo;HUANG Chunlin(College of Geography and Environmental Science,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China;Lanzhou Information Center,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境研究院文献情报中心,甘肃兰州730000 [3]中国科学院西北生态环境研究院甘肃省遥感重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国人口·资源与环境》2021年第12期149-162,共14页China Population,Resources and Environment

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项子课题“基于地球大数据的中国SDGs评价指标体系构建”(批准号:XDA19040502);国家自然科学基金项目“多维脱贫干预对贫困山区农户可持续生计的作用机制研究”(批准号:41971268)。

摘　　要：公众作为美丽中国建设的主要参与者、促进者和受益者,了解其对美丽中国建设水平的满意度,不仅有助于探析当前美丽中国建设存在的短板,还可为制定有效的建设策略提供指导。基于全国的调查问卷,分别从空气清新、水体清洁、土壤安全、植被优良、人居整洁5个维度出发,分析了公众对美丽中国建设水平的满意度及影响因素。结果发现:①公众对空气清新、植被优良的满意度均处于较好水平,分别有57.24%、43.31%的公众持满意态度,其对水体清洁、人居整洁的满意度则处于一般水平;②不同类型公众对美丽中国建设水平满意度存在明显差异,其中,女性和农村居民对土壤安全的满意度较高,男性对水体清洁、植被优良和人居整洁的满意度较高;③公众对空气清新、水体清洁和植被优良满意度的空间分布均呈“南高北低”的特征,土壤安全和人居整洁满意度则分别呈“北高南低”和“南北高中间低”的特征;不同维度美丽中国建设满意度与实际水平的匹配关系以适配型为主,其中,植被优良维度适配区比例最高,土壤安全维度适配区比例最低;④公众对不同维度美丽中国建设水平的满意度受个体特征、经济发展、环境等因素影响;其中,年龄、受教育水平对空气清新和水体清洁满意度均有显著正向影响,人均GDP变化率对水体清洁和人居整洁满意度有显著负向影响;AQI、饮用水水质达标率、森林覆盖度和生活垃圾处理量等的变化率分别对相应维度的满意度指数有显著影响。最后,提出了提高公众对美丽中国建设水平满意度的对策建议。The public are the main participants,promoters and beneficiaries of the construction of the Beautiful China Initiative(BCI).Understanding their satisfaction with the implementation of the initiative will not only help to analyze the shortcomings of the current construction,but also provide guidance for the formulation of effective strategies for its construction.Based on the 18,695 nationwide questionnaires,this paper analyzed the public satisfaction with the implementation of the BCI from the five dimensions,air freshness,water cleaning,soil security,vegetation excellence,and tidy living settlements.The results showed that:①Public satisfaction with air freshness and vegetation excellence was at a good level,with 57.24%and 43.31%of the public being satisfied,respectively,while their satisfaction with clean water and tidy living settlements was at a general level.②There were significant differences in the satisfaction with the implementation of the BCI between different types of the public.Among them,females and rural residents were more satisfied with air freshness and soil safety,while males were more satisfied with clean water,excellent vegetation and tidy living conditions.③Public satisfaction with fresh air,clean water,and vegetation excellence were‘high in the south and low in the north’,while satisfac⁃tion with soil safety and tidy living settlements were characterized by the distribution of‘high in the north and low in south’and‘high in the north and south,and low in the middle’respectively.The relationship between satisfaction with the implementation of the BCI and the actual level of different dimensions was mainly of the match type,with the highest proportion in the match area for the vegeta⁃tion excellence dimension and the lowest proportion in the match area for the soil safety.④Public satisfaction with the implementation of the BCI in different dimensions was affected by individual characteristics,economic development,environmental and other factors.Among them,age and educatio

关 键 词：公众 美丽中国 满意度 空间分布 影响因素 

分 类 号：K901.2[历史地理—人文地理学]