破而后立:骨骼系统中破骨细胞新功能解析  

Break and then stand:novel insight into osteoclast functions in the skeletal system

作　　者：董世武[1] 胡文辉[1] DONG Shiwu;HU Wenhui(Department of Biomedical Materials Sciences,National/Regional Joint Laboratory of Tissue Engineering,College of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Medicine,Army Medical University(Third Military Medical University),Chongqing,400038,China)

机构地区：[1]陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)生物医学工程与影像医学系生物医学材料学教研室,组织工程国家/地方联合工程实验室,重庆400038

出　　处：《陆军军医大学学报》2022年第1期79-88,共10页Journal of Army Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(81930067);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870962);全军医学科技青年培育计划拔尖项目(20QNPY022)。

摘　　要：骨骼系统为支撑身体、协调躯体运动、控制矿物质稳态和造血提供了重要的基础。破骨细胞是由单核/巨噬细胞造血谱系前体细胞融合而成的特化细胞,在骨稳态和健康维持中至关重要。已有大量实验证实其细胞形成和功能失调与骨质疏松症、骨折愈合、骨关节炎和原发性/转移性骨肿瘤等密切相关。一直以来,破骨细胞作为“噬骨者(bone eaters)”被聚焦于探讨其在骨稳态和疾病中的角色。近年来,随着单细胞标记和检测技术的快速发展并在骨领域中的广泛应用,新的“破骨细胞亚型”概念及其功能不断得到解析和完善。骨微环境稳态是破骨细胞及其主导的细胞网络共同活动的结果;从细胞网络出发,系统阐释破骨细胞与骨/关节疾病的内在关系,才能更好地理解疾病的本质。“破而后立”——是本课题组所提出通过调控破骨细胞来重建骨微环境稳态、以延缓骨/关节疾病进程的新理念。同时,将“破骨细胞”概念引入传统组织工程骨与软骨构筑技术,有望实现骨/软骨疾病干预和再生修复的综合应用。The skeleton provides the scaffold to support body weight,enable body movement,control mineral homeostasis,and provide the location for hematopoiesis.Osteoclasts are specialized cells formed by the fusion of committed monocyte/macrophage hematopoietic lineage precursor cells.The importance of osteoclasts in bone homeostasis and health is evidenced by the diseases in which osteoclast formation and function are dysregulated,such as osteoporosis,fracture healing,osteoarthritis,and primary/metastatic bone cancer.All the time,osteoclasts,as“bone eaters”,are focused on exploring their role in bone homeostasis and diseases.With the development of single cell labeling and detection technologies and their wide application in the field of bone,the novel concept of osteoclast subtypes and their emerging functions have been continuously uncovered and improved.Cell-cell communication network coordinated by osteoclasts balances bone microenvironment,therefore,from the perspective of network,interpreting the relationship between osteoclasts and bone/joint diseases will help to understand the nature of the diseases better.Finally,we propose osteoclasts controlling-based strategies for rebuilding microenvironmental homeostasis,aiming to bone/cartilage disease intervention and regenerative repair.

关 键 词：破骨细胞 骨骼系统 H型血管 血管相关破骨细胞 osteomorph 骨与关节疾病 

分 类 号：R336[医药卫生—人体生理学]