三维热水驱流线油藏数值模拟  

Three dimensional streamline reservoir simulation for hot water flooding

作　　者：朱舟元 刘灿华 孙念[3] 陆扬霄 ZHU Zhouyuan;LIU Canhua;SUN Nian;LU Yangxiao(College of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum-Beijing,Beijing 102249,China;PetroChina Xinjiang Oilfield,Karamay 834000,China;PetroChina Liaohe Oilfield,Panjin 124010,China;School of Engineering and Computer Science,University of Texas at Dallas,Dallas 75080,USA)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)安全与海洋工程学院,北京102249 [2]中国石油新疆油田分公司勘探开发研究院,克拉玛依834000 [3]中国石油辽河油田分公司勘探开发研究院,盘锦124010 [4]德州大学达拉斯分校工程与计算机科学学院,美国达拉斯75080

出　　处：《石油科学通报》2021年第4期595-603,共9页Petroleum Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“火烧油层前缘稳定性准则研究”(项目批准号:51804315)资助。

摘　　要：由于复杂的热耦合、较强的非线性以及用来捕捉复杂物理化学过程的小尺寸网格,热力采油数值模拟的计算成本很高。因此,业界急需快速、准确的热采模拟技术。基于流线的油藏数值模拟方法在模拟复杂地质和非均匀性强的大型油藏模拟问题方面尤其成功,而这些问题对传统的油藏数值模拟技术来说是巨大的挑战。流线油藏数值模拟是基于非均质油藏中流体沿流线流动的时间尺度往往比流线位置发生显著变化的时间尺度快得多的现象。文中探索了流线数值模拟扩展到热力采油过程模拟的可行性,在前期工作基础上,构建了自行研制的三维流线热水驱油藏数值模拟器。在一个全局时间步中,首先求解压力方程,继而追踪三维油藏中的流线,然后沿一维流线求解能量和质量的对流输运,这可显著提高模拟的计算效率。最后,将物理量映射回原始网格,并求解包括热传导在内的非对流效应。该模拟器考虑了原油温黏和流体热膨胀效应,能有效描述流体在油藏中的运动和分布状况,并通过流线将其充分的可视化。在此基础上,测试了包括高度非均质的SPE10和齐40热水驱在内的若干实际案例,并与商业热采模拟器的计算结果进行了对比。热采流线模拟器成功地通过了具有挑战的多井组的SPE10的测试,并成功地解决了真实的辽河油田齐40油藏热水驱模拟问题。结果表明,该流线模拟器能够在保证精度的同时降低计算成本,并可实现流场可视化和量化井间连通性,这对于水驱管理和油藏产量预测优化具有重要意义。其为热采流线模拟技术的发展奠定了重要的基础。在此基础上,可进而有望开发商业化的热水驱热流线模拟器。Thermal enhanced oil recovery simulation often has high computational costs,due to the complex thermal coupling,strong nonlinearity and small sized grid blocks used to capture the complex physical and chemical recovery processes.The upstream industry is in urgent need of fast and accurate thermal enhanced oil recovery reservoir simulation technology.Streamline-based flow simulation has been especially successful in the simulation of large geologically complex and strongly heterogeneous systems that are challenging for more traditional simulation techniques.The success of streamline simulation is based on the physical observation that in heterogeneous reservoirs the time scale at which fluids flow along streamlines is often much faster than the time scale at which the streamline locations change significantly.In this work,we explore the possibility of extending streamline simulation to the simulation of thermal enhanced oil recovery processes.Based on our previous work,a true three-dimensional streamline reservoir simulator for hot water flooding is constructed.The simulator takes into account the temperature dependent oil viscosity and thermal fluid expansion effects.In a global time step,it solves the pressure equation first,followed by tracing streamlines in three-dimensional reservoirs.Convective energy and mass transport are then solved along the one-dimensional streamlines,which could potentially significantly increase the computational efficiency of the simulation.Finally,the solutions are mapped back to the original grid,with the non-convective effects solved,including heat conduction.The streamlines can effectively describe the movement and distribution of fluids in the reservoir and fully visualize them through the use of streamlines.Several realistic cases including the highly heterogeneous SPE10 model and the Liaohe oil field Qi40 hot water flooding are tested and compared with the results from a commercial thermal reservoir simulator.Our streamline simulator successfully passed the challenging test of

关 键 词：流线模拟 油藏数值模拟 热水驱 模拟精度 计算效率 

分 类 号：TE357.44[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]