籼粳稻杂交后代稻米加工质量改良的遗传策略分析  

Genetic Strategy Analysis on Rice Milling Quality Improvement of Indicajaponica Hybrid Progeny

作　　者：李旭[1] 付立东[1] 王宇[1] 隋鑫[1] 任海[1] 吕小红[1] 马畅[1] 杜萌 毛艇[1] Li Xu;Fu Lidong;Wang Yu;Sui Xin;Ren Hai;Lü Xiaohong;Ma Chang;Du Meng;Mao Ting(Liaoning Institute of Saline-Alkali and Utilization,Panjin,124010)

机构地区：[1]辽宁省盐碱地利用研究所,盘锦124010

出　　处：《分子植物育种》2021年第24期8233-8238,共6页Molecular Plant Breeding

基　　金：辽宁省博士科研启动基金计划项目(2020-BS-300);辽宁省自然基金指导计划项目(2019-ZD-0397)。

摘　　要：籼粳稻杂交是中国水稻育种的重要方法之一,在保证高产的前提下,进一步优化稻米质量是目前的主要攻关目标;特别是针对加工质量,尚无相关基因被成功克隆,其遗传改良难度较大。针对上述问题,本研究以籼粳稻杂交构建的重组自交系(recombination inbred lines,RILs)为研究试材,由粒型及垩白(加工质量重要影响因子)的调控基因及籼粳遗传背景变化为切入点,对稻米加工质量的遗传影响因子进行深入剖析。结果表明:GS5基因对RILs的粒宽具有显著影响,而代表籼型血缘引入的SI值对粒宽及垩白度均有显著影响;源于SI值对粒宽及垩白的显著影响,SI值进一步影响了稻米加工质量,当SI值大于40%时,整精米率表现显著降低。籼粳稻杂交育种中,应通过回交或复交减少籼型血缘的引入频率,以保证整体较优的加工质量,并重视个体选择中诸如GS5等有利基因的利用。Indica-japonica hybridization is one of the most important methods of rice breeding in China.At present,under the premise of ensuring high yield,improving rice quality become the current focus.However,milling quality improvement is more difficult owning to no related genes was successfully cloned.Aiming to solve this problem,utilizing one recombinant inbred lines(RILs)constructed by indica-japonica hybridization,we analyzed the effect of regulatory genes concerning grain shape and chalkiness and the changes of indica-japonica genetic background on milling quality variation.The results showed that the GS5 gene had a significant effect on the grain width of RILs,and the SI value also had a significant effect on grain width and chalkiness.Owning to the significant effect of SI value on grain width and chalkiness,the SI value further affected rice milling quality,the head rice rate decreased significantly when SI value was greater than 40%.In indica-japonica hybridization,the SI value should be lowered utilizing backcross or mutiple crosses,which is a reasonable method to maintain the whole better milling quality,and also,we should emphasize the use of favorable genes in individual selection,such as GS5 gene.

关 键 词：籼粳稻杂交 粒型 垩白 加工质量 遗传改良 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]