为“属下”言说:恩瓦帕《伊芙茹》主题重识  

Speaking for"the Subaltern":The Theme of F.Nwapa's Efuru Reconsidered

作　　者：张燕[1] 杜志卿[2] Zhang Yan;Du Zhiqing(the School of English,Foreign Languages,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou,China,362021;the Center for Chinese and Foreign Literature and Translation Studies,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou,China,362021)

机构地区：[1]华侨大学外国语学院英语系,362021 [2]华侨大学中外文学与翻译研究中心,362021

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2021年第4期83-92,共10页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“文化与历史语境下的尼日利亚英语小说研究”(13BWW067);国家社科基金重大项目“非洲英语文学史”(19ZDA296)资助。

摘　　要：弗洛拉·恩瓦帕的长篇处女作《伊芙茹》是一部首次为非洲女性"属下"发声的作品。本文通过将其与《瓦解》等作品进行对比,展现恩瓦帕改写阿契贝等尼日利亚男性作家笔下女性"属下"生活中被动和失语状态的愿景。恩瓦帕在小说中把女性"属下"的家庭生活及社区活动置于叙事中心,挑战了传统尼日利亚社会男性的"主人话语",并通过描写商业活动中女性的英勇行为让她们发出有别于男性民族主义作家的反殖民主义之声,使女性"属下"的声音突破私人领域而进入到公共政治领域。此外,恩瓦帕还借重塑本土神话故事中的女神形象,解构了传统伊博社会中占主导地位的男性话语权威,重拾女性"属下"因殖民主义和性别歧视而失去的自信和尊严。Flora Nwapa's debut novel Efuru writes a voice for the subaltern figure of the African woman.Via a comparative reading of C.Achebe's Things Fall Apart and other Nigerian male writers'works,this article tries to show how Nwapa intends to transform the female subaltern’s submissiveness and speechlessness.Nwapa has female subalterns in the novel play active roles in their families and communities,so that men's dominant"master-discourse"in traditional African society is challenged.By depicting womens heroic deeds in business,Nwapa records the feminine voice in Africa's anti-colonialist struggle and brings the voice of the female subaltern,which had been confined to the private sphere,to the public political sphere.By reshaping the images of goddesses in indigenous mythological stories and deconstructing the dominant male discourse in traditional Igbo society,Nwapa encourages female subalterns to recover their confidence and dignity shattered by colonialism and sexual discrimination.

关 键 词：恩瓦帕 《伊芙茹》 “属下” 

分 类 号：I437.074[文学—其他各国文学]