饲料脂肪水平对大规格松浦镜鲤越冬前后体质量损失、体成分及脂代谢基因表达的影响  

Effects of dietary protein levels on weight loss,body composition and lipid metabolism gene expression of large-size Songpu mirror carp(Cyprinus carpio Songpu)before and after overwintering

作　　者：范泽 李晋南[1] 张圆圆 吴迪 王连生[1] FAN Ze;LI Jinnan;ZHANG Yuanyuan;WU Di;WANG Liansheng(Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Diseases and Immune Technology of Heilongjiang Province,Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang Province 150070,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所,黑龙江省水生动物病害与免疫重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150070

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第1期64-70,共7页China Feed

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HSY202111Q);国家自然科学基金(31802305);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系;中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费(2018HY-ZD0503)。

摘　　要：为探讨饲料脂肪水平(3%、6%、9%、12%、15%、18%)对大规格松浦镜鲤越冬前后生长、体成分及脂代谢相关基因表达的影响,前期进行完大规格松浦镜鲤对饲料脂肪适宜需要量的研究试验后,在每一个网箱中保留规格齐整,质量为(609.70±49.93)g的20尾大规格鲤鱼进行越冬试验,共18个网箱(2.0 m×2.0 m×2.0 m),时间为2019年10月31日至2020年4月28日。越冬期间水温3~8℃。结果表明:6%脂肪组的质量损失率显著低于3%组及18%组(P<0.05)。各脂肪组间存活率无显著差异(P>0.05)。越冬后,18%脂肪组的肝体比显著高于3%、6%和12%脂肪组(P<0.05),各组间肝体比下降比无显著差异(P>0.05),以6%脂肪组为最低。6%脂肪组越冬后肌肉粗蛋白质含量最高,显著高于15%组和18%组,且其下降率为最低,显著低于3%组和18%组(P<0.05)。3%脂肪组的肌肉粗脂肪含量显著低于其余各组(P<0.05),6%组和9%组的肌肉粗脂肪下降比显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。越冬后18%脂肪组的肝胰脏脂肪含量显著高于除15%组外的其余各组(P<0.05),其下降比亦显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。3%组肌肉水分含量为最高,显著高于6%组(P<0.05),且其水分增加比亦为最高,显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。脂肪合成相关的脂肪酸合成酶、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶及固醇调节元件结合蛋白的基因表达量均以6%组为最高,其中脂肪酸合成酶表达量显著高于其余各组(P<0.05),乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的基因表达量显著高于3%、15%及18%组(P<0.05)。脂肪分解相关的肉毒碱棕榈酰转移酶的基因表达量3%组和6%组显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。越冬试验发现,6%脂肪组能够使体质量损失率及肥满度降低比最小化,在越冬后保持了较高的肌肉蛋白质和粗脂肪含量,使鱼体自身内源脂肪合成能力增强而分解能力减弱,更利于维持体质,便于越冬后机体代谢能力的恢复。The study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary lipid levels(3%,6%,9%,12%,15%,18%)on growth,body composition and gene expression related to lipid metabolism of large-size Songpu mirror carp(Cyprinus carpio Songpu)before and after overwintering.The trial was carried out after the study on dietary lipid requirement for large-size Songpu mirror carp.20 fishes were kept in original cage for overwintering experiment from October 31,2019 to April 28,2020.The water temperature was 3~8℃during the overwintering period.Results showed as follows:the weight loss rate of 6%group were significantly lower than 3%and 18%groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the survival rate(SR)and decrease rate of hepatosomatic index(HSI)among all groups(P>0.05).The HSI of 18%group was significantly higher than 3%,6%and 12%groups(P<0.05).The content of crude protein in muscle of 6%group was significantly higher than that of 15%and 18%groups,and the decrease rate of the content of crude protein in muscle of 6%group was significantly lower than that of 3%and 18%groups(P<0.05).After overwintering,the content of crude lipid in muscle of 3%group was significantly lower than other groups(P<0.05).The decrease rates of the contents of crude lipid in muscle of 6%and 9%groups were significantly lower than those of other groups(P<0.05).The content of crude lipid in hepatopancreas of 18%group was significantly higher than those of other groups except 15%group,and the decrease rate of the content of crude protein in muscle of 18%group was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).The moisture in muscle of 3%groups were significantly higher than that of 6%group(P<0.05),the increase rate of the content of crude protein in muscle of 3%group was significantly higher than that of other groups(P<0.05).The gene expession of fatty acid synthase(FAS)in hepatopancreas of 6%group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05).The gene expession of acetyl-coa carboxylase(ACC)in hepatopancreas of 6%group was significantly h

关 键 词：越冬 饲料脂肪 松浦镜鲤 体质量损失率 脂代谢 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]