2016—2020年广西壮族自治区人群土源性线虫感染监测结果  

Surveillance on soil-transmitted nematode infections in population in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during 2016—2020

作　　者：万孝玲[1] 吕国丽[1] 蒋智华[1] 区方奇[1] 韦海艳[1] 唐雯茜 林源[1] 张伟尉[1] 黄铿凌[1] 石云良[1] 刘多 刘健 孟军[1] 杨益超[1] WAN Xiao-ling;LV Guo-li;JIANG Zhi-hua;OU Fang-qi;WEI Hai-yan;TANG Wen-qian;LIN Yuan;ZHANG Wei-wei;HUANG Keng-ling;SHI Yun-liang;LIU Duo;LIU Jian;MENG Jun;YANG Yi-chao(Guangxi Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Nanning 530028,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530028

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》2021年第6期800-807,共8页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

摘　　要：目的了解和分析广西壮族自治区(简称广西)土源性线虫病的流行现状和发展趋势,为制定土源性线虫病防治策略与评价防治效果提供科学依据。方法2016—2020年,将全区按GDP分为高、中、低GDP地区,从中随机抽取39个县(市、区)设立监测点。监测点以县为单位,按地理方位划分为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每个片区随机抽取1个乡(镇)的1个行政村开展监测,每个行政村整群抽取3周岁以上常住居民不少于200人。收集监测对象粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法检测土源性线虫卵并计数,采用透明胶纸肛拭法检测3~9岁儿童蛲虫卵。采用卡方检验和趋势卡方检验分析比较不同地区、性别、年龄、民族、文化程度、职业等人群土源性线虫感染情况。结果39个监测点生产方式以农业为主,饮用水以自来水和井水为主。2016—2020年监测点无害化厕所覆盖率分别为77.39%(36403/47040)、94.19%(47120/50026)、94.47%(55499/58750)、86.72%(68913/79467)和94.99%(56188/59154),各年度间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12813.53,P<0.05)。2016—2020年共调查监测点66355人,土源性线虫(钩虫、蛔虫、鞭虫)总感染率分别为4.20%(533/12699)、2.98%(312/10458)、2.21%(276/12485)、1.75%(285/16329)和1.54%(222/14384),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=260.67,P<0.05),且感染率呈逐年下降趋势(χ^(2)=316.05,P<0.05)。高、中、低GDP地区土源性线虫总感染率分别为1.11%(244/22049)、2.65%(722/27273)和3.89%(662/17033),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=317.57,P<0.05)。女性钩虫感染率为2.68%(900/33548),高于男性的1.40%(458/32807)(χ^(2)=136.98,P<0.05);男性、女性鞭虫感染率分别为0.29%(95/32807)和0.32%(108/33548),蛔虫感染率分别为0.11%(37/32807)和0.13%(43/33548),男、女童蛲虫感染率分别为11.69%(274/2343)和12.17%(257/2112),不同性别间差异均无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.569、0.326、0.24,P>0.05)。≥80岁年龄组钩虫感染率最高,为4.93%(69/1399);3~9Objective To understand and analyze the epidemic status and development trends of soil-transmitted nematodiasis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Guangxi),to provide scientific basis for formulating the disease control strategy,and evaluating the control effect.Methods In 2016—2020,Guangxi was assigned to high-,medium-and low-GDP regions,from which 39 counties(cities,districts)were selected as surveillance sites.Each county under surveillance was divided into 5 regions according to geographic location,i.e.,east,west,south,north,and central.From each region,one townships was randomly selected,and an administrative village was selected from the township for the surveillance.In the sampled village,no less than 200 permanent residents aged>3 years were cluster sampled for examination.Fecal samples were collected from the villagers,and soil-transmitted nematode eggs were detected with the modified Kato-Katz thick smear method.The eggs of Enterobius vermicularis were examined in children aged 3-9 years with the adhesive tape method.Chi-square test and Chi-square trend test were used to analyze and compare the infection status of soil-transmitted nematodes in different areas,gender,age groups,nationalities,education levels and occupations.Results In the 39 surveillance sites,the production modes was mainly agriculture,and the drinking water was mostly tap water and well water.From 2016 to 2020,the coverage rates of sanitary toilets was 77.39%(36403/47040),94.19%(47120/50026),94.47%(55499/58750),86.72%(68913/79467),and 94.99%(56188/59154),respectively,which differed significantly(χ^(2)=12813.53,P<0.05).A total of66355 people were examined,and the infection rates of soil-transmitted nematodes were 4.20%(533/12699),2.98%(312/10458),2.21%(276/12485),1.75%(285/16329)and 1.54%(222/14384)in 2016—2020,respectively,showing significant difference between years(χ^(2)=260.67,P<0.05),and a decreasing trend year by year(χ^(2)=316.05,P<0.05).The rates in the high-,medium-and low-GDP areas were 1.11%(244/22049),2.65%(722/27273

关 键 词：土源性线虫 感染 监测 广西 

分 类 号：R532.1[医药卫生—内科学]