超精密大口径非球面加工关键技术研究  

Research on Key Technology of Ultra-precision Large-aperture Aspheric Surface Machining

作　　者：刘海涛 宋光辉[1] 李文龙[1] 王银河[1] 孙朝阳[1] LIU Hai-tao;SONG Guang-hui;LI Wen-long(Shenyang Academy of Instrumentation Science Co.,Ltd.,Shenyang 110043)

机构地区：[1]沈阳仪表科学研究院有限公司,沈阳110043

出　　处：《航空精密制造技术》2021年第6期15-18,共4页Aviation Precision Manufacturing Technology

摘　　要：针对光学大口径非球面加工难度大等问题,通过分析其轴对称非球面方程及加工误差,给出砂轮加工的几何模型,分析误差产生的原因并提出解决策略。同时,采用四轴联动超精密铣磨机床和圆角砂轮实际加工非球面,检测其面形精度并进行误差对比分析。结果表明:①在加工精度和稳定性上,圆角砂轮比平行砂轮有较大优势;②砂轮的壁厚与工件加工量相近时,砂轮的磨损变形较小,工件的面形精度较高;③为了提高工件加工精度,可以相应增大砂轮的圆角半径。It is difficult to manufacture large aperture optical aspheric surface,according to the equation of axisymmetric aspheric surface and the analysis of machining error,the geometric model of grinding wheel is given,the cause of error is analyzed,the solution strategy is put forward.At the same time,using 4-axis ultra-precision milling and grinding machine,fillet grinding wheel is used in practical machining,the aspherical surface shape is measured,through the error contrast analysis,the results show that 1)Compared with parallel grinding wheel,fillet grinding wheel has more advantages in machining accuracy and stability;2)When the wall thickness of the grinding wheel is similar to the machining amount,the abrasion deformation of the grinding wheel is smaller and the surface shape accuracy is higher;3)In order to improve the machining accuracy,the radius of grinding wheel fillet can be increased correspondingly.

关 键 词：大口径非球面 超精密加工 磨损误差 圆角砂轮 

分 类 号：TG58[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床] TG74