电子束熔化成形Ti-6Al-4V钛合金研究进展和应用现状  

Research Progress and Application Status of Ti-6Al-4V Titanium Alloy Fabricated via Electron Beam Melting

作　　者：兰亮 白澄岩 高双 何博 王江[2] LAN Liang;BAI Chengyan;GAO Shuang;HE Bo;WANG Jiang(Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Special Steel,Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学,上海201620 [2]上海大学省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室,上海200444

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2022年第1期20-31,共12页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：省部共建高品质特殊钢冶金与制备国家重点实验室、上海市钢铁冶金新技术开发应用重点实验室开放课题(SKLASS 2020-08);上海市科学技术委员会资助项目(19DZ2270200)。

摘　　要：电子束熔化成形技术(EBM)具有成形速度快、能量利用率高和真空环境无污染等优点,适合于Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的制备,在航空航天、生物医疗等领域得到广泛应用。然而,EBM成形Ti-6Al-4V钛合金构件仍然存在的内部孔隙、粗糙的表面和残余拉应力等缺陷,严重影响了成形件的疲劳性能。通过工艺参数的优化及后处理工艺,如热等静压和表面处理等,可以显著改善EBM成形件的疲劳性能。综述了EBM成形Ti-6Al-4V钛合金的成形工艺、微观组织、力学性能和典型的应用现状。重点讨论了影响疲劳性能的因素,并总结了一些提高疲劳性能的后处理方法。最后对EBM技术未来的发展前景进行了展望。Electron beam melting(EBM)has the advantages of high forming speed,high efficiency,and no pollution in vacuum environment.It is suitable for forming Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and has been widely used in aerospace,biomedical and other fields.However,the internal pores,rough surface and residual tensile stress of the asbuilt EBM Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy components seriously affect the fatigue performance of formed part.Through optimization of printing parameters and post-treatment processes,such as hot isostatic pressing and surface treatment,the fatigue performance of EBM formed parts can be significantly improved.The forming process,microstructure,mechanical properties and typical application status of EBM Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy are reviewed.The factors affecting fatigue performance are discussed,and some post-treatment methods to improve fatigue performance are summarized.Finally,the future development prospect of EBM technology is prospected.

关 键 词：电子束熔化成形技术(EBM) 增材制造 TI-6AL-4V钛合金 疲劳性能 表面处理 

分 类 号：TG146.23[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]