巴阿边境普什图部落地区为何冲突频发?  

Why Conflicts in Pashtun Tribal Areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan Border Frequently Occur?

作　　者：张元 ZHANG Yuan(Institute of World Economics and Politics,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing,100732)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《新疆大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2022年第1期36-42,共7页Journal of Xinjiang University(Philosophy and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“巴阿边境部落地区安全研究”(19CGJ024)。

摘　　要：本文选取巴基斯坦与阿富汗边境普什图部落地区作为案例,建立一个解释部落地区为何冲突频发的分析框架。"氏族""部落""部落群"等概念是具有不同外延的族群指称,在分析部落地区安全时首先应界定地区冲突主体为何者。权力、认同、安全、财富四项因素是部落地区暴力行为主体发起冲突的主要驱动力,但需要在部落社群结构视角下进行考察。当社群外的异质力量试图进入部落体系时,会刺激社群结构产生变化,促发地区冲突呈现新样态。巴阿边境普什图部落地区发生或被卷入的重大冲突事件证明了上述因果逻辑。This paper managed to establish a theoretical analysis framework to explain the causes of frequent conflicts in tribal areas by taking the Pashtun tribal areas along the border between Pakistan and Afghanistan as a case.The concepts of"clan","tribe"and"tribes"have different denotations of ethnic groups.When analyzing the security problems in tribal areas,we should first define the subject of regional conflicts.Power,identity,safety and wealth are the main driving forces for the violent actors to initiate conflicts in tribal areas,which need to be investigated from the perspective of tribal community structure.When heterogeneous forces outside the community try to enter the tribal system,the community structure will be stimulated to change and regional conflicts will take on new forms.Since the 19 th century,the major conflicts in the Pashtun tribal areas along the Pakistan-Afghanistan border have proved the above logic.

关 键 词：普什图部落群 地区冲突 部落社群结构 

分 类 号：D815.4[政治法律—国际关系]