卡米洛特计划的失败及其历史镜鉴  

The Failure of the Project Camelot and Its Historical Lessons

作　　者：石晓文 SHI Xiaowen

机构地区：[1]南开大学世界现代史研究中心、拉丁美洲研究中心,3000350

出　　处：《历史教学问题》2021年第6期112-119,55,160,共10页History Research And Teaching

基　　金：中央专项资金基本科研业务费项目“阿根廷民粹主义的历史考察”(63212043);国家社科基金一般项目“20世纪30年代的阿根廷社会转型研究”(20BSS036)的阶段性成果;南开大学博士研究生科研创新基金资助项目成果。

摘　　要：20世纪60年代冷战进入白热化阶段,美国争夺"自由世界"的使命也从"认识你的朋友"转变为"掌控你的朋友"。由美国陆军部发起并资助的"卡米洛特计划",旨在运用行为科学方法,开发一个通用的系统模型,预测和影响世界上发展中国家的政治变化,主要针对60年代第三世界国家的民族解放战争。1965年智利政府披露了美国陆军资助的卡米洛特计划,引发了美拉外交关系的恐慌,联邦政府立即宣布停止该项目。冷战时期,社会科学成为美国保护国家安全的重要"武器",而拉美国家对由联邦政府资助的研究国外问题的行为科学项目十分敏感。In the 1960s,the cold war reached its peak.The United States’ mission of maintaining the "free world" changed from "knowing your friends" to "controlling your friends".The Project Camelot,initiated and funded by the U.S.Army Department,aimed to use behavioral science to develop a general system in order to predict and affect the political changes in developing countries,many of whom were heavily involved in the national liberation wars at the time.In 1965,the Chilean government disclosed the Project Camelot funded by the U.S. Army,which triggered a panic in Latin America countries.Therefore,the U.S.federal government immediately announced the cessation of the project.During the cold war,social sciences became important "weapons" for the U.S.to protect national security,and Latin American countries were very sensitive to such behavioral science projects funded by the federal government.

关 键 词：卡米洛特计划 冷战社会科学 美拉关系 

分 类 号：D871.2[政治法律—政治学] D873[政治法律—外交学]